Abstract:This study was designed to investigate puberty molting, gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), meat yield (MY), total edible yield (TEY),condition factor (CF), and their nutritional composition was compared for the three edible parts (gonad, hepatopancreas and muscle) of pond-cultured adult Eriocheir sinensis from Xishuangbanna. The results are shown as follows:(1) female adults had accomplished puberty molting in August, while only 53.85% in male adults. In September,all adults completed puberty molting. From August to November, the gonadal index of both adults showed a significant upward trend, and the main increase occurred in August-September, while the HSI decreased(P<0.05). (2) HSI, GSI and TEY were slightly higher in female adults than male ones, while, male adults had higher MY, CF than female ones. (3) The redness (a^*) of hepatopancreas was slightly higher in male adults than female ones. However, no significant differences were found between the lightness (L^*) and yellowness (b^*). (4) The protein and lipid contents in the gonad were significantly higher in female adults than male ones (P<0.05), but protein and ash contents in the hepatopancreas were higher in female ones (P<0.05). Compared with female adults, only protein content was slightly different in the muscle (P<0.05). In conclusion, the puberty molting of the male and female adults in pond culture crabs from Xishuangbanna mainly completed in July-August and August-September, respectively. The total edible yield rates of adult crabs were 42.91% and 40.26%, respectively. Thus, the edible tissue was of high nutritional value in this area.

Abstract:The composition and contents of hydrolytic amino acids and fatty acids of greenhouse cultured (40, 60, 74, 94 d) and outdoor cultured (40,60,80,95 d) Litopenaeus vannamei were analyzed during similar growth phases and the nutritional values were assessed. The results showed that:(1)Under the greenhouse culture and outdoor culture mode, the contents of crude protein, crude fat and ash in shrimp muscles showed no obvious difference among Litopenaeus vannamei in similar growth phases.(2)Under the greenhouse culture mode,the unsaturated fatty acids of Litopenaeus vannamei at 40, 60, 74 and 94 d accounted for 64.46%, 60.97%, 62.47% and 63.16% of the total fatty acid content, respectively.Under the outdoor culture mode, the unsaturated fatty acid contents of Litopenaeus vannamei at 40, 60, 80 and 95 d accounted for 67.69%, 64.74%, 65.35% and 65.63% of the total fatty acid content, respectively.The muscles of Litopenaeus vannamei were rich in unsaturated fatty acids under the two cultivation modes, and the polyunsaturated fatty acids of Litopenaeus vannamei in the similar growth stage under the greenhouse cultivation mode were significantly lower than that in the outdoor cultivation mode. (3)The amino acids composition in greenhouse cultured and outdoor cultured Litopenaeus vannamei in similar growth stages were consistent, which contained 17 kinds of amino acids.When Litopenaeus vannamei grew to 40 d, 60 d, 80 d and 95 d in the greenhouse culture mode,ΣEAA/ΣAA ratios were 29.36%, 30.71%, 33.28%, 32.91% and ΣEAA/ΣNEAA ratios were 50.04%, 55.63%, 63.14%, 60.56%.When Litopenaeus vannameigrew to 40 d, 60 d, 80 d and 95 d in the outdoor culture mode,ΣEAA/ΣAA ratios were 34.70%, 33.69%, 32.93%, 34.11%,ΣEAA/ΣNEAA ratios were 64.44%, 63.72%, 62.66%, 66.76%, which basically conformed to the FAO/WHO ideal model. The total amount of amino acids, essential amino acids and delicious amino acids in outdoor cultured Litopenaeus vannamei were higher than those cultured in greenhouse.Conclusions are as follows:Greenhouse cultured and outdoor cultured Litopenaeus vannamei was a kind of shrimp which had high protein, low fat and high nutritional value; The nutritional quality of muscles of outdoor cultured Litopenaeus vannamei was better than that of greenhouse cultured Litopenaeus vannamei.

Abstract:Microbial communities in the intestine of Macrobrachium rosenbergii under six cultural patterns were evaluated by high-throughput pyrosequencing technology. The interactions between microbial and water environment were also analyzed by RDA (Redundancy analysis). The cultural patterns included prawn monoculture group (MP), prawn with aquatic plant (Lemna minor) group (PP), prawn with silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) group (PF), prawn with mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and H. molitrix group (PMF), prawn with mussel and aquatic plant group (PMP), prawn with A. woodiana, L. minor and H. molitrix group (PMPF). Four replicates of each treatment were set up. After 64 days of culturing, the microbial communities and physico-chemical factors were assessed. There were significant differences in turbidity, soluble phosphorus (PO₄-P), total nitrogen (TN) and chlorophyll-a (Chl.a) among groups, and PO₄-P concentration in MP group was significantly higher than those in other groups (P<0.05). Shannon diversity index of intestinal bacteria was the highest in the MP group (4.08), and the lowest in the PMF group (1.27). Proteobacteria, Tenericute and Firmicutes were the major dominant phyla in intestine of M. rosenbergii in the six groups. The major dominant genus was different in six groups, which was Aeromonas in MP, PMP and PMPF groups, and Citrobacter in PP group, and Candidatus and Hepatoplasma in PF and PMF groups. The interaction analysis between intestinal bacteria and environmental factors showed that total phosphorus (TP) had significant effects on the intestinal bacterial community of M. rosenbergii (P<0.05), Adaptation of microorganisms to the environment factors was different, and the abundance of Aeromonas enteropelogenes, beneficial Enterococcus and Lactococcus garvieae were positive correlation with NO₃-N and TN. Rhodobacter and Pseudomonas vranovensis were positive correlation with TP. Conclusively, cultural patterns can affect the intestinal bacterial community of M. rosenbergii by affecting the nutrient concentration in the water, especially nitrogen and phosphorus.

Abstract:The molting and growth characters of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) reared in the "Crab Palace" system for one molting cycle were studied. The results showed that the average increment rate of body weight of the crab was 33.19%, the average increment rate of carapace length, width and height ranged from 12.12% to 14.97%, and the average molting interval was 59.35 d. The average condition factor before molting was 60.84%, and the mean RGB value of body color in back carapace was 109.17, and the content of ecdysone hormone (EH) reached 14.18 IU/mL. In the "Crab Palace" system, no significant correlation (P>0.05) was observed between the growth status, EH content, molting interval before molting and increment rate of the growth traits after molting (P>0.05). The Chinese mitten crab reared in the "Crab Palace" system would start molting when its condition factor reached 60%, and ecdysone hormone content was more than 14 IU/mL.

Abstract:A new type of negative pressure photobioreactor was used to explore culture effect of feeding microalgae-Thalassiosira weissflogii. The change of algae density, the quantity of heterotrophic bacteria and Vibrios, the mass concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, and their relationship were investigated. Thalassiosira weissflogii grew fast and reached plateau stage on the 4th day of culture, the highest value of algal density was 1.5×10⁶ cells/mL,and the specific growth rate was 1.37. Quantities of vibrios and heterotrophic bacteria ranged from (0.19-2.70)×10⁴ cfu/mL and (0.071-0.93)×10⁶ cfu/mL, respectively. Compared to the plateau and decay periods, algae had strong inhibition on bacteria in the exponential growth stage, especially vibrios. The mass concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in algae solution were accompanied by increased algae density, and the highest value was 0.24 mg/L and 0.37 mg/L, respectively. The algae density was positively correlated with the mass concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite during the exponential growth period (P<0.05). The negative pressure photobioreactor could shorten the cultivation period, inhibit the growth of bacteria,improve the cultivation efficiency and the quality of algae solution. It is a system suitable for feeding microalgae culture. But it's worth noting that the algae solution should be fully aerated to reduce the mass concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen before feeding the larvae. This study provides reference for the application of negative pressure light bioreactor as feeding microalgae culture system.

Abstract:The conchospore gametophytic blades of the wild-type strain of Pyropia crispata were irradiated with different doses of ultraviolet ray. After being cultured for about 4 weeks, many color-mutated cell clusters including yellow green, ruby red, yellow orange and so on,appeared on the irradiated blade. The statistical analysis showed most of the color-mutated cell types are yellow and the dose of 80 μW/cm² attained the best mutagenic effect. Single mutated cell was isolated enzymatically from the color-mutated blades and was regenerated into blades, in which some single-color mutants were selected:PC-JH (orange brown), PC-ZH (ruby red), PC-HL (yellow green) and PC-QL (light green). Their homozygous strain were gotten by parthenogenesis, respectively. The color and morphology of the F₁ gametophytic blades of each mutant strain showed uniform color and were same with its mother blade. The results indicated mutant characters such as color can be stably inherited in each mutant strain. Each mutant strain featured their own characteristics in in vivo absorption spectra of the blade, contents of chlorophyll a(Chl.a), phycocyanin(PC), phycoerythrin(PE) and their ratio, different from wild-type strain's. Compared with the wild-type strain (PC-WT), the content of PC and the value of PC/Chl.a of the two green-type strains(PC-HL, PC-QL) increased significantly, while the value of PE/PC decreased significantly and was close to one. The content of three pigment proteins in the orange-yellow mutant (PC-JH) was reduced, and the PC/Chl.a value was also lower, but the PE/Chl.a and PE/PC values were higher. The PE content of the date-red mutant (PC-ZH) increased significantly. Correspondingly, the values of PE/Chl.a and PE/PC also increased significantly. These results indicated that UV had a good mutagenic effect on Pyropia crispata blade, and the obtained four mutant strains were stable in color. They will become important materials for genetic breeding in Pyropia crispata.

Abstract:Two strains of Pyropia haitanensis ("Native Dongtou" and "Eastern Zhejiang NO.1") were selected as research materials in Dongtou aquaculture district. The thallus length, dry weight, CNP content were determined at different harvest stages, as well as the S value, yield, and sequestration efficiency of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were calculated. The results showed that with the extension of harvest time, the thallus length of two strains of Porphyra haitanensis decreased gradually, the dry weight and S value of single thallus increased gradually, the yield increased first and then decreased, and the sequestration efficiency of CNP increased as a whole. The length and dry weight of single thallus of "Native Dongtou" from the first harvest to the fourth harvest were higher than those of "Eastern Zhejiang No.1". The yield and CNP sequestration efficiency of "Native Dongtou" from the second harvest to the fourth harvest were higher than those of "Eastern Zhejiang No.1". There was no significant difference in S value between the two strains of Porphyra haitanensis. The total sequestration efficiency of CNP for "Native Dongtous" from the first harvest to the fourth harvest was 900.74 kg/hm², 110.16 kg/hm², 14.16 kg/hm²,respectively. The total sequestration efficiency of CNP for "Eastern Zhejiang NO.1" was 683.34 kg/hm², 84.3kg/hm² and 10.75 kg/hm², respectively. The above indexes showed extremely significant difference among different harvest stages (P<0.01), but no significant difference between different strains (P>0.05). The results are helpful to further understand the growth characteristics and ecological benefits of Porphyra haitanensis culture.

Abstract:SSRs were developed and characterized by using transcriptome data. A total of 2800 SSR loci were identified and dinucleotides were the most frequent (32.82%), followed by trinucleotides (25.21%). AC/GT was the most abundant unit (9.18%). The length of repetitive sequences was mainly concentrated between 12-20 bp (72.79%), and 5-10 repeats being the most abundant number (74.14%). 74 pairs of primers were randomly selected for detection, and 18 polymorphic SSRs were obtained finally. The characteristics of these microsatellites were determined in 31 individuals of S. horneri. A total of 43 alleles were detected, the allele number per locus ranged from 2 to 4 (average 2.39), and mean effective allele number was 1.91, and mean observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.318 and 0.449, respectively. The average of polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.365, and 11 loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) (P<0.05). These obtained SSR markers will be helpful for the genetic studies in S. horneri.

Abstract:A method of high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence spectroscopy (HPLC-FLD) was used to determinate L-tryptophan in urine of Acipenser sinensis and A. dabryanus. The samples were extracted by methanol and acetonitrile, by centrifugation to get supernatant, and purified by an ENVI-18 solid-phase extraction column. The acetonitrile-1% (volume fraction) formic acid aqueous solution (10:90, volume fraction) was used as the mobile phases, the extracts were separated on a symmetry@C18 chromatographic column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm). The samples were determinated under the condition of the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, with the fluorescence wavelength of λ_ex=285 nm, λ_em=353 nm. The results indicated that the significant linear relationships between peak areas and mass concentrations of the analytes were obtained in the range of 0.010-2.000 μg/mL (R²=1), and linear regression equation was y=247.27x-0.125 5. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) of L-tryptophan were 0.005 μg/mL and 0.020 μg/mL. The recoveries of blank matrix and sample substrate with standard samples were 82.2%-102.1% and 85.6%-95.1%, respectively, with less than 5.7% of the relative standard deviations (RSD). This method has some obvious advantage such as easy operation, time saving, high recoveries and high accuracies. It will be valuable to analyze L-tryptophan in urine of A. sinensis and A. dabryanus. A methodology basis is provided to study the role of L-tryptophan in information exchange of A. sinensis and A. dabryanus.

Abstract:Red Carassius auratus was used to investigate differences in the extraction efficiency of carotenoids by different extraction processes. The optimum extraction conditions including different factors were determined by single factor test and orthogonal test respectively. According to the results, the best extraction conditions of carotenoids extraction process of red Carassius auratus are showed as follows:dried red Carassius auratus was used as the sample, the ratio of solid to liquid is 1:15, the extraction was conducted at 80℃, for 90 min each time, twice, organic solution ratio (ethanol to acetone) is 1:2. The carotenoid extracted can reach up to 140.58 mg/kg. An important basis is provided for the development on the extraction process afterwards and some references are also provided for the further study on the determination of carotenoids in goldfish.

Abstract:Six isolipidic practical diets were formulated to contain different levels of fish meal (six graded protein levels were named P1-P6 respectively). Fish was fed by hand twice daily until apparent satiation. The growth performance of fish including weight gain rate as well as protein efficiency rate significantly increased (P<0.05) with increasing dietary protein levels (P1-P6) and then kept steady (P>0.05). Growth performance of fish fed P4, P5 and P6 was significantly higher than that of fish fed P1, P2 and P3 (P<0.05). While feed conversion ratio and feed intake decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing levels of dietary protein up to 49.75% and remained nearly the same thereafter. Feed conversion ratio and feed intake in P4 and P5 were significantly lower than those of fish fed P1, P2 and P3 (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that the recommended optimum dietary protein level for on-growing golden pompano was 49.75% (mass fraction). On the basis of dietary protein requirement, another 12-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate dietary lipid requirement for on-growing golden pompano. Six isocaloric practical diets were formulated to contain different levels of soybean oil (six graded lipid levels were named L1-L6 respectively). With the increase of dietary lipid levels (L1-L6), growth performance of fish including weight gain rate and protein efficiency rate first significantly increased and then kept steady (P>0.05). Growth performance of fish fed L3, L4, L5 and L6 was significantly higher than that of fish fed L1 and L2 (P<0.05). Feed conversion ratio and feed intake decreased with increasing levels of dietary lipid up to 12.20% and remained nearly the same thereafter. Feed conversion ratio and feed intake in L3, L4, L5 and L6 were significantly lower than those of fish fed L1 and L2 (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that the recommended optimum dietary lipid level for golden pompano (121-580 g) was 12.20%-12.27% (mass fraction).

Abstract:In order to evaluate the effect of different dietary photosynthetic bacteria on growth, digestive enzymes and intestinal microbiota of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, four diets (A:control diet; B:Commercial PSB coating diet; C:Rhodopeseudomonas coating diet; and D:Rhodospirillum coating diet) were fed to juvenile shrimp[(1.21±0.24) g]for 2 weeks, respectively. The results showed that:the weight gain rates of the photosynthetic bacteria treatment groups (B, C and D) were slightly higher than that of the control group without significant difference (P>0.05); the amylase activities in hepatopancreas of the shrimp in C and D treatments were significantly higher than that in A treatment (P<0.05); the lipase activities in hepatopancreas of the shrimp in B, C and D treatments were significantly higher than that in A treatment (P<0.05); and there was no significant difference in protease activity among the treatments (P>0.05).The results on sequencing the 16S RNA genes of microbiota through high-throughput sequencing showed that the diversity and abundance of intestinal microbiota increased along with the shrimp growth. The shrimp fed diets coated with photosynthetic bacteria displayed a reduced proportion on intestinal Gammaproteobacteria accounting for intestinal microflora, the proportion on intestinal Gammaproteobacteria accounting for intestinal microflora of C and D treatments were significantly lower than that of control (P<0.05). Nine main genera (percentage> 0.5%) intestinal microbiota, including Shewanella, Aeromonas, Algoriphagus, Cellvibrio, GpXⅢ, Pirellula, Planctomyces, Pseudomonas and Rhodobacter, coexisted in all the 4 treatments. It therefore suggests that the dietary photosynthetic bacteria application does not significantly alter the overall abundance and diversity of the intestinal microflora, but it enriches the genus composition of the main intestinal flora to a certain extent.

Abstract:A sampling survey was conducted on the fish resources in Zitong core area from March 2016 to November 2017, and the fish species composition,ecological type,dominant species, community diversity index, community structure, ABC curve were analyzed. A total of 43 species were collected, which belonged to 4 orders, 8 families and 30 genera, and Cyprinidae had the largest number of species, which constituted 65.12% of the total species number. The captured fish were mainly composed of middle uplayers, omnivorous and sedentary species. The dominant species were Xenocypris davidi, Pseudolaubuca sinensis and Aristichthys nobilis. Margalef diversity index, Simpson diversity index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou diversity ranged from 3.17 to 5.01, from 0.68 to 0.89, from 1.79 to 2.55, and from 0.61 to 0.84, respectively.The seasonal variation of fish community structure was significantly different, and in most cases it was moderately disturbed. The results of the study will not only help to understand the status of fish communities and resources in the Qiandao Lake conservation area, but also provide reference data for the construction of water conservancy projects to influence the fish community structure.

Abstract:The fishery resources community structure of set net was analyzed by composition and dominant species and characteristic species and abundance-biomass comparison curve based on the fishery resources data collected from Northeast Hangzhou Bay in the first three quarters of 2017.The results showed that 48 species including 30 fish species and 16 crustacean species were collected in three seasons. Jaccard similarity coefficient in different seasons was lower than 25% (significant nonsimilar level).The fish in the catch were divided into 5 ecological types according to the thermophilicity and ecological habits and crustacean species were divided into two types according to the thermal adaptation and salinity. There was no distinct change of diversity index among three seasons.Relatively higher diversity was observed in the autumn. Hierarchical cluster analysis and MDS analysis showed that the fishery resources communitie sin summer and autumn were clustered together. ABC curves showed that fishery resources communities were moderately affected in summer and autumn relative to spring.The great variation was observed in spring and summer in the Northeast Hangzhou Bay and minor variations in summer and autumn.

Abstract:In the four seasons of 2017, phytoplankton sampling survey was conducted in the Jiajiang in Yangzhong, and the phytoplankton community structure characteristics and trends were studied. A total of 93 species of 6 phyla were identified, including:15 species of Cyanophyta, accounting for 16.13% of the total species of phytoplankton; 3 species of Cryptophyta, accounting for 3.23%; 3 species of Pyrrophyta, accounting for 3.23%; 36 species of Bacillariophyta, accounting for 38.71%; 5 species of Euglenophyta, accounting for 5.38%; 31 species of Chlorophyta, accounting for 33.33%. There are 8 dominant species of phytoplankton in the whole year, including:3 Cyanophyta species, namely microcystis, pseudoanabaena and Anabaena circinalis, 1 species of cryptophylum, namely chromonas acuta. There are 4 species of bacillariophyta, namely Microcystis granulosa, Microcystis meniere and Synedra sp. The annual average biological density of phytoplankton is 35.34×10⁴ cells/L, with Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta accounting for 47.45% and 42.87% respectively. The annual average biomass was 0.183 5 mg/L, and Bacillariophyta (accounting for 78.42%) had the main biomass. There were significant differences in phytoplankton biomass in 4 quarters (P<0.01), highest in autumn, lowest in spring, and no significant difference in each section (P>0.05). The RDA redundancy analysis shows that the biomass density of phytoplankton is positively correlated with water temperature, TDP and so on, which is negatively correlated with Chl.a. Estimation of fishing potential shows that Jiajiang River is enough to feed more than 8 finless porpoise.

Abstract:Based on the fishery data of Chilean jack mackerel in the southeast Pacific from 2003 to 2011, the spatio-temporal distribution of Chilean mackerel in the southeastern Pacific was analyzed by grey correlation evaluation. The results showed that the center of gravity of fishing ground in the southeastern Pacific Ocean was mainly distributed in the range of 80°W -95°W and 40°S -45°S from 2003 to 2011. It gradually moved to the northwest with the increase of the month and started from August. The fishing ground began to divide into two areas. The center of fishing gradually shifted to the northwest and northeast, and shifted to the northernmost in October. From the perspective of the distribution of catch in the southeastern Pacific Chile has a significant seasonal variation. The fishing ground was distributed at the southernmost,and its range was also relatively small in the autumn, mainly located in 80°W -95°W,40°S -45°S. The fishing ground moved to north in the winter; whereas the fishing ground was at northernmost, with a wide range. This was similar to the distribution of the center of gravities. The average catch per net was distributed in 79°W-101°W,30°S -45°S. The fishing activities in the area of 79°W -101°W,30°S -45°S were also relatively high. The grey correlation indicated that the status of the Chilean jack mackerel in the Southeast Pacific Ocean had been good for 9 years. Understanding the spatio-temporal distribution of mackerel is beneficial to sustainable development and management for mackerel resources in the future.

Abstract:In order to test the differences in umami compounds during the Coilia nasua migration process,the cooked meat was analyzed by spectrophotometry,flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography. The changes of composition of Coilia nasua umami compounds from January to December were compared, and the taste activity value (TAV) and equivalent umami concentration (EUC) of each umami compound were calculated in order to study the relation between concentrations of umami substances and umami intensity. Results showed that:the change rule of the contents of most umami compounds was relatively uniform, and the trend of increasing from January to March and then decreasing dramatically, decreasing gently from April or May, and increasing again from October was observed throughout the year except that the concentrations of most inorganic ions decreased from January to March due to removal of salts; the change of MSG equivalent of Coilia nasua meat was similar to that of composition of umami compounds,peaked in March (Coilia nasua is most delicious in March.).Integral analysis of its physical and chemical indicators and its growth rule indicated the gonad of the Coilia nasua started developing to mature from March, consuming of a lot of nutrient, which results in umami compounds decrease dramatically; the Coilia nasua ate no food during the migration and consumed a lot of energy,caused umami compounds to be further consumed; after the Coilia nasua reached the reproductive field in October, they begin to eat, and prepare for the next migration, which prompted the umami compounds in the Coilia nasua to start to pick up.

Abstract:In vitro pharmacokinetics and transformation products of novel marine fibrinolytic compound FGFC1 were studied. Liver microsomes were prepared by Wistar rats. The liver microsome protein concentration was detected by lowry method. The changes of FGFC1 and its transformation products were detected by HPLC method. The conversion products were analyzed by LC-MS/MS method and 4-phenyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole, deacetylcyclopropionate, phenytoin and ketoconazole are selective inhibitors of different subtypes of the CYP450 enzyme system.The in vitro metabolic half-life of FGFC1 was T_1/2=(96.25±2.3) min, and the intrinsic clearance rate CL_int=(0.072 0±0.001 4) mL/(min·mg).The conversion product of FGFC1 is((2S,3S)-2-((E)-7,8-dihydroxy-4-methylnon-3-en-1-yl)-3,5,8-trihydroxy-2-methyl-3,4,8,9-tetrahydropyrano[2,3-e]isoindol- 7 (2H)-one)(PIO)with a molecular weight of 421.2.The fragments of the FGFC1 conversion product was detected by LC-MS/MS at 463.30[M+C₂H₃N+H]⁺ and m/z 110.90[C₇H₈O+H⁺H]⁺, 215.70[C13H₂₆O₂+H]⁺, 337.00[C₁₈H₂₇NO₅]⁺, 337.00[C₂₅H₃₁NO₂]⁺. Phenytoin significantly inhibited the liver microsomal enzyme system CYP3A4 subtype, and the PIO was reduced with 49.11%. FGFC1 is converted by N-dealkylation reaction, N-oxidation reaction and hydrolysis reaction under the catalysis of CYO450 subtype CYP3A4.