Abstract:Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), Urotensin Ⅰ (UⅠ) and Urotensin Ⅱ (UⅡ) have been found throughout vertebrate species from fish to human. In fish, these peptides appear to be involved in osmoregulation, reproduction, nutritional behavior and stress responses. Embryos and larvae were collected at 0,1.5,3.7,5.3,8,10,16,24,48,72,96,120 and 144 hpf(hours post-fertilization). Three biological replicate pools (n=50 larvae per pool) were analyzed for each developmental time point. Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the mRNA coding CRH, UⅠ, UⅡα and UⅡβ was present from 0 hpf, suggesting a maternal function. The relative amounts of CRH, UⅠ, UⅡα and UⅡβ mRNA during the early development of zebrafish gradually increased and reached the highest level at 144 hpf except UⅡα at 120 hpf. Highly significant and positive correlations between each pair of CRH, UⅠ, UⅡα and UⅡβ mRNA expression levels were found. It suggested that these genes were closely linked and cooperated to support a developmental function.

Abstract:We previously suggested that the protein p40 encoded by Scylla serrata reovirus (SsRV) segments S9 is likely to represent a methyltransferase. In order to confirm the role of p40 in the SsRV replication, the open reading frame (ORF) of SsRV segments S9 was cloned into the pET 28a(+) expression vectors and introduced into E.coli BL21(DE3) by transformation. After induction, N-terminally 6×his-tagged p40 recombinant protein (rp40) with molecular mass of 46 ku were obtained. The rp40 protein was purified by Ni-NTA and used for immunization of BALB/c mice for monoclonal antibody (MAb) production. Western blot assay showed that two MAbs could specifically recognize the rp40 expressed in E.coli. This was the first report on the MAb production of SsRV protein.

Abstract:This study created a new sex identifying method of live Cyclina sinensis by observing the gonad color with an expanding kit expanding two shell openings. At the same time, a tissue observation method was improved that is suitable for sex identification of live Cyclina sinensis. The sex of live Cyclina sinensis was identified with two methods and the accuracy was checked, then cultured them and made artificial inducing spawning. To check the impact on survival and gonadal development, control group was established under the same conditions. Results showed that two methods can accurately identify the sex of live Cyclina sinensis, the success rate was 100%. The survival rates were (94.33±1.53)% and (93.33±1.53)%, respectively. And the spawning rates were (87.33±3.06)% and (84.67±1.15)%, respectively. The survival and spawning rates of control group were (95.00±2.00)% and (85.33±3.06)%. There have no significant difference with the control group in survival and spawning rates (P>0.05). It meant sex identification had no significant adverse effect on survival and gonadal development. The survival rate and spawning rate of expanding observation method were all higher than those of tissue observation method, but have no significant difference (P>0.05). The expanding observation method superior than the tissue observation method as following, (1) few operation steps, high identification efficiency, time spent only about 1/3 of the latter, conducive to sex identification of large group and hybridization between groups; (2) sex identification can be carried out in mid gonadal development, conducive to making experimental scheme; (3) no injury; (4) the integral gonadal development condition can be observed in vivo.

Abstract:Onchidiidae is one of the higher clades of pulmonates. Most of them are marine organism and live in the intertidal zone, in rocky, sandy, or muddy habitats, including mangroves. In China, previous studies on Onchidiidae mainly focused on Onchidium struma. Platevindex mortoni and Paraoncidium reevesii are new record ones in mainland China. Their embryonic development process can be divided into seven stages: cleavage, blastula, gastrula, intracapsular trochophore, veliger in capsule and free-swimming veliger stage. The embryonic development of Platevindex mortoni and Paraoncidium reevesii were observed and described. The morphological characteristics of every period of larvae were recorded under microscopic observation, and the time series table of embryonic and larval development was confirmed and compared with Onchidium struma. Results showed: different Onchidiid species have significant differences in zygote biological parameters and the time required for fertilized eggs to hatch. At the average water temperature of 28℃ and salinity of 15, the time period from the fertilized eggs hatching to the free-swimming veliger stage required for three Onchidiid species was 210 h, 253 h and 270 h respectively. We did not observe the development of larvae for they all died in creeping larva stage. More work still needs to be done to ascertain the condition and process of metamorphosis for pelagic veliger.

Abstract:Effects of starvation on immune function of hemolymph in Pinctada martensii during pre-operation were investigated under laboratory conditions, including total hemocyte counts (THC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lysozyme (LSZ), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP). There were three treatments in the experiments: feeding once daily, feeding once two days, and feeding twice daily as a control. Hemolymph was sampled at the beginning of the experiment, and 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks to evaluate the immune functions. The results showed THC, SOD, CAT, LSZ, ACP and AKP activities decreased with the increase of fasting degree after one week fasting, immune parameters of the two fasting treatments significantly reduced compared with the control group, and displayed significant difference (P<0.05). All immune parameters in feeding once two days treatment were lower than those of the control treatment, and the trend lasted for four weeks. Therefore, starvation can significantly reduce the physiological functions and immune functions, and this paper can provide theoretical basis for the pre-operation of pearl culture.

Abstract:Two wild stocks of Mandarin fish(Siniperca chuatsi) derived from Poyang Lake and Gaoyou Lake, were bred by way of reducing the temperature and light intensity in concrete ponds, as well as using cages in earth ponds. The results showed that the proportion of mature, postmature and abortion of the female bred in concrete ponds were 36.7%, 40.0% and 23.3% in Poyang Lake stock, and 40%, 43.3% and 16.7% in Gaoyou Lake stock, respectively, while the male sperm motility was normal. The female bred in cages of the pond were all postmature or abortion, while 46.7% of the male testis were degraded completely. The inducing trials were carried out in each six female of mature group and postmature group. Inducing rate, egg of the unit weight, fertilization rate, hatching rate and emergence rate of mature group were significantly higher than those in postmature group. The test reached 1 187 000 of larvae, 963 000 of fry 1.3 cm of size and 681 000 of fingerlings 3 cm-5 cm of size. The experimental results showed that the breeding season can be postponed to the end of July by reducing the temperature and light intensity, achieved batch of fry nursing during high temperature period, and laid the foundation for off-season farming in Mandarin fish.

Abstract:Through analysis of the contents of inorganic arsenic of laver product and the total arsenic of local sea water and sediments in the main laver producing areas of China, a preliminary study was conducted on relations between total arsenic in cultivated sea area and the inorganic arsenic in its products. In 2012-2013, original samples and processed products of alga Pyropia yezoensis were collected from Jiangsu province based on different productive collecting time, and the inorganic arsenic content of each sample was determined. Total arsenic in surface sediments and seawater from the culture areas were also detected through quantitative measurements The results showed that contents of inorganic arsenic in original laver samples range:0.22-0.70 mg/kg, processed products range:0.12-0.32 mg/kg, inorganic arsenic content of original algae and processed products decreased during the production stage, and contents of inorganic arsenic in original alga and processed products measured up to the national quality standards; Contents of total arsenic in sea water samples range: 0.000 83-0.004 91 mg/L, and all of the total arsenic in sea water samples met the quality standard of cultivate water. This showed the positive correlation between the inorganic arsenic of laver products and the total arsenic of cultivated sea area; Contents of total arsenic in surface sediments range:15.435-58.900 mg/kg, and this has no obvious correlation with the content of inorganic arsenic in Porphyra yezoensis.

Abstract:A 60 d study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Schizochytrium biomass(DHA-rich) on the growth performance and nutritional components in the muscle of juvenile white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). There were 5 treatments including control and control with Schizochytrium,five dietary levels (0%, 0.2%, 0.5%,1.0% and 1.5% of diet) of Schizochytrium biomass. Each treatment had 6 replicates and each replicate had 180 shrimps(initial shrimp size was around 2.5 cm). The results showed that：Although there are no statistical significant differences among all treatment groups in final body weight, body weight gain, relative weight gain, feed conversion and survival rate, the addition of DHA from Schizochytrium numerically improved body weight gain and feed conversion. There were no significant differences in the contents of crude fat and ash of muscles(P>0.05),but the crude protein and DHA in the crude fat were significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05).In conclusion, Schizochytrium biomass(DHA-rich) could improve the growth performance of the white shrimp, and improve the nutritional quality of muscle. The recommended dosage was 0.5%.

Abstract:In the present study, Chinese medicine herbs were formulated and suplemented in diets to feed Litopenaeus vannamei to evaluate the effects on growth, digestive protease activities, hemolymph nonspecific immunity, and muscle composition of shrimp. Six diets were prepared, including basal diet, basal diet added with 1.0% ARR(1/3 Leguminosae, 1/3 Radix scutellariae,1/3 Rheum palmatum L.), 2.0% ARR, 2.0% EARR (1/2 Eucommia ulmoides + 1/2 ARR), 2.0% compound A (including Leguminosae, Epimedium sagittatum, Radix scutellariae, Rheum palmatum L., etc.) and 2.0% compound B (including Leguminosae, Eucommia ulmoides, Honeysuckle flower, Atractylodes macrocephala, etc.). Shrimps with average body weight of (7.5±0.2) g were fed the six diets for 42 days. Results showed that all groups presented high survival rates(above 96.3%)and there were no significant differences among groups(P<0.05). Shrimp fed diet with addition of 2.0% EAAR (145.3%, 1.25), 1.0%AAR (143.8%, 1.26) had significantly higher weight gain and significantly lower FCR than shrimp fed control diet (124.5%, 1.46),P<0.05. Compared with control group, hemolymph non-specific immunity indexes were improved by the addition of herbs at varying degree, and 2.0% EARR group had significantly higher activities of hemolymph ALP and PO than those of control group. The death rate of shrimp at 96 h after being challenged by Vibrio alginolyticus decreased by the addition of 1.0%ARR(P<0.05) in diet compared with control group. Shrimp of 2.0% EARR group had the highest muscle collagen content(0.30%), and was 42.86% higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Results above showed that the addition of 2.0% EARR and 1.0% ARR in diet of white shrimp could improve WGR, reduce FCR, and the addition of 1.0% ARR could enhance resistance against infection with Vibrio alginolyticus, and the addition of 2.0% EARR could significantly improve muscle collagen content.

Abstract:The effects of dietary cobalt dichloride on survival, growth performance, haematological parameters, antioxidases activities, digestive enzymes activities, V_B12 contents in serum and liver, tissue cobalt residues, and intestinal and liver morphology of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) were studied for safe utilization of cobalt dichloride in fish feed. The experimental dietary cobalt dichloride inclusion level was 0, 8, 40 and 80 mg/kg respectively. Six replicates of 30 fish were used for each treatment group. No mortality was observed during the 10-week feeding trial. Growth performances of fish were not significantly affected by dietary cobalt dichloride supplementation from 0 to 40 mg/kg (P>0.05), however, 80 mg/kg dietary cobalt dichloride significantly decreased the final weight, specific growth rate, final weight, feed intake, hepatosomatic index, and viscerosomatic index (P<0.05). Supplementation of 40 and 80 mg/kg cobalt dichloride in diet decreased activities of catalase, aspartate transferase, and alkaline phosphatase in fish (P<0.05). The activity of stomach amylase was significantly decreased by dietary supplementation of 40 and 80 mg/kg cobalt dichloride (P<0.05), while dietary supplementation of 40 mg/kg cobalt dichloride significantly decreased the activity of trypsin (P<0.05). With increasing level of dietary cobalt dichloride, the glucose and V_B12 content in serum and liver and the cobalt residue in liver and muscle increased significantly (P<0.05). No lesion or damage was found in intestinal structures of fish from all treatments. However, 40 and 80 mg/kg dietary cobalt dichloride impaired the liver tissue and widened the hepatic sinusoid. The present results proved that 8 mg/kg cobalt dichloride was safe as additive in fish feed.

Abstract:Trichodinosis is the general term of disease which results from Trichodina parasitic on surface, gills and other parts of aquatic animals, causing mechanical damage, bacterial and viral infection or other types of complications. Currently, international guided medication of Trichodinosis is rare in the reality because of effectiveness losses and such factors; and abuses of non-standard medication, lack of theoretical support, prevail. This paper comprehensively summarizes taxonomy, parasitic characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, and other basic theories and research situations of Trichodiniasis, and the current application situations of five international medicines, namely, the mixture copper sulphate and ferrisulphas, formalin, mebendazole, sodium chloride and four alkyl quaternary ammonium salt iodine complex. The paper systematically finishes reported chemistry, antibiotics and herbal medicine effectiveness and relevant safety research. In the author's opinion, Chinese herbal medicine is Chinese traditional treasure, and it is given attention because of its good effectiveness, low residues, non-drug resistance and little pollution. Chinese herbal medicine is still in the initial stage in the prevention and control of Trichinosis. The ongoing research directions are firstly; continually strengthen the basic theoretical research such as diagnosis of parasites, epidemiological investigation, putting forward ideas for screening medicines; secondly screening, more Chinese herbal medicine which can be applied in prevention and control of fish diseases; thirdly, discriminating of extraction, concentration, separation and structure identification of active medical substances to ensure medical safety; fourthly, doing research of combination and compound to improve medical effectiveness and immunity; fifthly, doing bionic model of high effectiveness, simple structure active substance to reduce cost of natural preparation.

Abstract:The nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR) was developed to amplify a DNA segment of the Thelohanellus wuhanensis, which caused disease in allogynogenetic crucian carp [Carassius auratus gibelio(♀)×Cyprinus carpio var singuonensis♂)]. The DNA of Thelohanellus wuhanensis was extracted as a template to be amplified. The first PCR amplification reacted with the primers: 5'-CTGCGGACGGCTCAGTAAATCAGT-3' and 5'-CCAGGACATCTTAGGGCATCACAGA-3'. The length of the first PCR amplified DNA was 1584 bp.The second nested PCR amplification reacted with the primers: 5'-ACCCACTTCTGTGGCCTTTC-3' and 5'-AATCCGAC CTACAACGCTGG-3'. The length of the second nested PCR amplified DNA was 853 bp.After optimizing the annealing temperature, the time of extension, the amplification cycle number, the concentration of dNTP, magnesium and template, the DNA detected sensitivity of nested PCR was 10000 times higher than that of conventional PCR. The DNA detected quantity of nested PCR was only 10 fg. The established nested PCR could be used for the microquantity detection of the Thelohanellus wuhanensis and provided a more sensitive technique of disease diagnosis and molecular epidemiological survey.

Abstract:From May 2012 to January 2013, zoobenthos community in 8 urban rivers of 8 districts in Shanghai was investigated. Water quality of the river was assessed based on the structure of zoobenthos community. A total of 43 zoobenthos species belonging to 3 phyla,19 families and 33 genera were identified, among which Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Chironomus flaviplumus were dominant. The annual density of zoobenthos averaged 382 ind/m² and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri contributed the most (56.1%) of the gross. The annual biomass of zoobenthos averaged 24.62 g/m² and Bellamya aeruginosa contributed the most (86.0%) of the gross. The zoobenthos had the highest density in summer, followed by winter, autumn and spring. The highest biomass was in winter, followed by autumn, summer and spring. The highest density was in Xujiazhai River of Zhabei District, and the lowest density was in Youyi River of Minhang District. The highest biomass was in Yonggan River of Jinshan District, and the lowest biomass was in Xujiazhai River of Zhabei District. The evaluation by biological index indicated that the water quality of Shanghai urban rivers was of slight to serious pollution. In 8 urban rivers of 8 districts in Shanghai, only Pilu River of Chongming District was in slight pollution, Youyi River of Minhang District, Zhonghenggang River of Qingpu District, Maojiatang River of Baoshan District were in moderate pollution. Xinlugang River of Fengxian District, Yonggan River of Jinshan District, Qumen River of Jading District, Xujiazhai River of Zhabei District were in serious pollution. Biotic Index (BI) and Goodnight Biotic Index (GBI) were much more suitable for the evaluation of river water quality in Shanghai urban rivers compared with Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef species richness index,and Pielou index.

Abstract:Planktonic algae have the considerable periodicity in species composition and abundance, and this seasonal succession pattern is the important characteristic of algae fluctuations. The mechanisms by which environmental factors affect algae succession are complex. Besides, algae succession varies in lakes or reservoirs of different limnological features and trophic state. Although hypotheses of algae succession have been stated in some researches, there is uncertainity for specific lake and specific species. Based on planktonic algae succession in Qiandao Lake during 2009-2010, the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus ratitos on the growth of cyanobacteria and chlorophyta under the laboratory conditions is studied in order to further verify the impact of nutrients on the succession pattern. The main results and conclusions are as follows:Under the laboratory conditions, we set five N/P ratio treating groups (N/P=307.06, N/P=153.53, N/P=76.77, N/P=15.35 and N/P=3.84) based on the BG-11 cultures to explore the effects of different N/P ratio on blue-green algae (Microcystis flos-aquae, Dactylococcopsis sp.) and chlorophyta (Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus quadricauda) growth. The results indicated that the logistic model can well describe the growth of four kinds of algae. Microcystis flos-aquae grew better with the decrease of N/P ratio (the maximum biomass K and the specific growth rate r increased significantly). Scenedesmus quadricauda had the higher value of K and r with the increase of N/P ratio. Dactylococcopsis sp. favored the relative high N/P ratio cultures and the highest value of r at N/P=15.35 group which was close to Redfield ratio. Chlorella sp.presented algal bloom in N/P=15.35 and N/P=3.84 groups. At the end of the experiment, the accumulated TN concentration of Microcystis flos-aquae was the significantly lower in N/P=307.06 and N/P=153.53 groups than that in others (P<0.05), Scenedesmus quadricauda had the lower TN concentration per cell in N/P=3.84 group than that in others (P<0.05). TP concentration per cell in four kinds of algal body significantly increased with the decrease of N/P ratio (P<0.05).

Abstract:Based on investigation data obtained from August 2012 to July 2013, the surface water temperature (SST), salinity (S), pH, transparency (SD), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), Chl.a and nutrients were analyzed in the mariculture area of Yantian Harbor, Sansha Bay. And the water quality and eutrophication conditions were also evaluated on the basis of organic pollution index (A), eutrophication index (E) and nutrient quality index (NQI) methods. The results showed that the suspended solids complied with the Grade Ⅲ, and the pH generally complied with the Grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ, while the inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and inorganic phosphorus (DIP) complied with the Grade Ⅳ or even worse than Grade Ⅳ according to "Seawater Quality Standard" (GB 3097-1997). The average concentration of DIN and DIP was 0.644 and 0.061 mg/L with the range of 0.256 -1.147 and 0.027 -0.103 mg/L, respectively. NO₃-N was the main form of DIN, which accounted for 74.83% of DIN. The DIN and DIP concentration in this mariculture area was at a higher level. The values of A, E and NQI demonstrated that the seawater was under serious eutrophication condition, and the organic pollution was also very serious. The self-pollution of mariculture was the main cause leading to serious eutrophication situation.

Abstract:The long-term real-time water quality monitoring is important for in-depth study of environmental change and ocean farm productivity assessment. This paper designed a remote water quality monitoring system which is based on marine ranching in Xiangshan Port. This system selected the water quality parameters according to the environmental characteristics of marine ranching, and determined the design of each module of lower computer; designed a supporting buoy to carry sensors, power supply, solar panels and other equipment; used C language to compile the network communication program and designed a monitoring software to check the current water quality and the historical data.The system did the experiment in the Jing Lake of Shanghai Ocean University for about 6 months and it was able to upload water quality data in accordance with the set-up program and to display visually by monitoring software. The results showed the effectiveness of the whole system.

Abstract:To explore the fish species composition, biodiversity and spatial and temporal characteristics of fish assemblages for a water supply reservoir, Qingcaosha reservoir, the background survey was operated in three regions (western waters, control waters and stocking waters) of Qingcaosha waters and there were four sampling sites in each region in May, July, October and December in 2011. A total of 22 species were collected, belonging to 7 families, 5 orders, and Cyprinidae was the most abundant. The community was composed of three ecological types: freshwater (17 species), estuarine (3 species), diadromous(2 species), and freshwater species were absolutely dominant. In all species, the dominant species were Coilia ectenes, Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio and Pelteobagrus nitidus. The highest diversity and richness region was western waters. The diversity of spring was the highest, and that of winter was the lowest. Cluster analysis showed that there were significant differences in the fish communities among the sampling sites and between seasons. Reservoir construction and decreased salinity resulted in the fact that the fish diversity decreased and the small-size fishes became dominant. so it is suggested that the delivery of large-size fishes should be increased in the activity of fishery enhancement and release.

Abstract:The albacore Thunnus alalunga longline fishery is one of the important fisheries in the Pacific Ocean. According to the public domain catch and effort data of longline fishery from Western Central Pacific Fisheries Commission and the sea surface temperature data from NOAA, the distribution of albacore longline fishery grounds from 2008 to 2010 and its relationship with SST were analysed quantitatively or qualitatively. The results showed that the fishing grounds in which albacore's numbers accounted for over 80% were mainly located in the areas of 15°N-40°N and 10°S-45°S, while high CPUE fishing grounds were in 25°N-40°N and 10°S-40°S. In Northern Hemisphere summer the fishing grounds were distributed mainly in South Pacific while in winter mainly in the North. The distributions in the three years were similar. The numbers of high CPUE fishing grounds of North Pacific in 2009 and South Pacific in 2010 reduced substantially compared to the other two years respectively. The analysis of the relationship between CPUE and SST indicated that the monthly SST of the albacore tuna longline fishing grounds is 16-22℃ in North Pacific and 16-24℃ and around 26℃ in South Pacific.

Abstract:The bio-economic model is the important study contents in economics of fishery resources, and it plays an important role in resource optimum allocation for fisheries. In this paper, the theory and development of bio-economic model for fisheries resources were reviewed and its developing tendency was discussed based on the collected references, in order to provide reference for the sustainable exploitation of fishery resources and scientific management, development strategy evaluation etc. The result shows that the bio-economic model of fisheries resources has been developed from the simple biology model to the sophisticated dynamic model including biological factors, ecological factors, economic factors, social factors, environmental factors, climate change and others at present. But the current research in China falls behind the overseas obviously, and it is still in the theory exploratory stage, only few applications in fisheries resources. With the development of mathematical modeling and computer simulation technology, scientists could simulate different fisheries management strategies and the changes in controllable factors, and impact optimization allocation of fishery resources by using bio-economic models. This could provide a scientific basis to make a decision for fisheries management, which will be one of the hot topics for bio-economics of fisheries resources in the future. However, it is necessary for the above studies to establish monitoring and assessment system of fishery resources, as well as the data collecting system in biological, economic, social and other aspects.

Abstract:At present, more and more countries and international organizations pay attention to the impact of fishery subsidies on fishery resources. Since the fishery fuel subsidy policy was carried out in 2006, it has effectively relieved the contradiction between diesel prices rise and the fishery production. Meanwhile, the number of fishing vessels is increasing. But a large number of subsidies may raise the fishing effort and also lead to the gradual degradation of the fishery resources and the deterioration of the ecological environment. In view of this, this paper introduces the main contents and the current situation of fishery fuel subsidy policy, and then analyses the changes in Gordon-Schaefer model with the fishery fuel subsidy to explain the impact on fishery resources. The result shows that when the fishery is in free entry, the fishery fuel subsidies could contribute to the utilization of fishery resources, and also will lead to overfishing. If the government doesn't intervene in fishing industry, it will increase the load on the fisheries resources. Finally, some policy suggestions about the fishery fuel subsidy are made based on the sustainable utilization of fishery resources. Firstly, we can adjust fishery subsidies coefficient for calculating oil. Secondly, we can use step-type subsidy standards to give subsidies according to the actual fuel consumption. Last, we should strengthen the publicity and guidance of fishery fuel subsidy policy to eliminate misunderstanding.

Abstract:The Arctic Ocean, located in the Earth's northernmost, is the smallest, most shallow and the coldest ocean in the world, and it is one of earth's largest cold sources because of the Polar Ice Packs. Changes in the Arctic sea ice affect global climate change on different time scales. Satellite remote sensing is one of the most effective means of sea ice monitoring, so far, native and foreign sea ice research institutions have access to a large number of sea ice data for more than thirty years, which is an important basis for in-depth research. We developed the Arctic Sea ice satellite remote sensing information system based on Flex Viewer with the help of RIA and Web GIS technology. The system has powerful GIS function, friendly interface, platform independence, development efficiency, and low cost advantages. It is a good solution to web application that achieves remote-sensing data collection, query, spatial analysis and near real-time services of the Arctic sea ice.

Abstract:To study the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract from visceral organs of Sepiella maindroni (ESM), supercritical carbon dioxide extraction was used to extract the lipid from the visceral organs of Sepiella maindroni (ESM). The acute inflammation and chronic inflammation models were adopted,such as ear-swelling of mice induced by dimethylbenzene,edema of rat paw induced by carrageenin and granuloma induced by implanting cotton ball. The effects of various doses of the lipid extract on the inflammatory rat models were compared with those of the blank control and the positive control group for observing the anti-inflammatory actions of ESM on different inflammatory models. Compared with the blank control group and the positive control group, the high dose group could inhibit ear-swelling of mice induced by dimethylbenzene, edema of rat paw induced by carrageenin and granuloma induced by implanting cotton ball. The high dose of ESM had a significant effect on the inflammation models.

Abstract:This is the first academic report about extracting polysaccharides from Halymenia sinesis (H. sinesis). H. sinesis and Grateloupia filicina (G. filicina) belong to the same genus, but the study of G. filicina polysaccharides was recorded frequently. With the methods of single factor test and L₉ (3³) orthogonal experiment, this paper studied how extracting time and extracting temperature affect the extraction of soluble polysaccharide from H. sinesis when using ultrasonic-assisted skills. This paper aims to establish an optimum technique and form the operational procedures of extracting polysaccharides from algae and provide a basis for pilot batches and large-scale production. Experimental results showed that the optimizing of extracting time and extracting temperature were 4 h and 90℃, and the concentration of raw material to water (CMW) would significantly affect the extraction percentage of polysaccharides. In addition, CMW was the main factor affecting the extraction percentage of polysaccharide, ultrasonic time was the second factor and ultrasonic power the third. After a set of effective experiments, the extraction yield of polysaccharide could reach 36.91%, and the content of total sugar was up to 63.85% on the conditions of CMW 0.020 g/mL, ultrasonic time 60 min and ultrasonic power 400 W.