Abstract:

Abstract:By method of polyarylamide gel electrophoresis, effect of cadmium on the patterns of three isozymes (LDH,POD and SOD) in blood cells of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris was revealed for the first time. The results showed that all the three concentration groups indicate differential patterns of the LDH,POD and SOD isozymes in the situation of acute toxicosis. And the activities of three isozymes showed significant variety. The influence of cadmium on the expression of isozymes in blood cells of Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and the feasibility of using isozymes markers as marine ecotoxicology indicators were discussed.

Abstract:用6种饲料喂养石磺,比较其生长、存活状况,从而找到人工饲养石磺的适宜饲料;利用Cr2O3湿式灰化定量法,测定了石磺对3种植物性饲料的消化率。试验结果表明,动物性饲料易败坏水质,饲养效果不佳;石磺喜食植物性饲料;饲料效果以玉米粉最好,依次为玉米粉>菜粕>豆粕>次粉>酵母>鱼粉。测定石磺对玉米粉、菜粕和次粉3种植物性饲料的平均消化率分别为21.680%,14.262%,4.871%。玉米粉喂养石磺的效果较好,实验室内能完成石磺的交配、产卵和二次交配、二次产卵等全过程;日饲料投喂比例为体重的1%～5%。

Abstract:对1997-2003年凤鲚生物学、资源量及最大持续产量进行了研究。汛期风鲚平均全长151mm,平均体重14.2g;全长和体重呈幂函数相关,拟合方程为W=0.036×L2.1874,丰满度系数为0.421。绝对怀卵量变幅为4677～24159粒,相对怀卵量变幅为859～1072粒/g体重,成熟卵卵径平均为0.67mm。同期凤鲚年均捕捞量为952.46t,年均汛末瞬时资源量41.57t。应用schaefer模式估算最大持续产量为1417.4t。与历史资料比较,在过度捕捞和水域污染的影响下,凤鲚资源量急剧下降,此不利情况应得到重视。

Abstract:根据1997～2000年东海23°30′～33°N、118°30′～128°E海域4个季节海洋调查资料,对东海毛颚类种类组成、多样性分布特征及与环境关系进行分析。结果表明:春、夏季毛颚类种类最丰富(25种),冬季次之(23种),秋季种数最低(21种);冬、春季毛颚类种数仅与表层温度相关,夏季与表层温度、表层盐度二元线性相关,秋季与表层盐度相关;冬、春季毛颚类多样性和丰富度指数值由北向南,由近海向外海逐渐增高,夏季近海和外海差异缩小,秋季多样性指数值为4季最低。

Abstract:《中西太平洋高度洄游鱼类种群养护和管理公约》(以下简称《公约》)已经生效,中西太平洋渔业委员会也将开始正式运作。中西太平洋是金枪鱼类的最大渔场,《公约》的生效,必将对中西太平洋地区高度洄游鱼类种群的养护和管理产生重要影响。为此,在简要介绍《公约》背景、主要内容、我国在该海域金枪鱼渔业现状的基础上,分析了《公约》对我国的几点主要影响,如发展规模的限制、船旗国责任的加大和生产成本的增加等,并给出了主要的对策与建议:合理规划,加强科学研究;健全法规,加强管理及培训;积极参与,密切合作。

Abstract:根据2003年9-11月我国对印度洋鸢乌贼资源的调查,对其生物学特性作了初步分析。调查发现,鸢乌贼的胴长范围为106～540mm,优势胴长组为220～360mm,占总数的70.5%。渔获个体由南往北呈明显增长趋势,而东西方向则没有明显差异。雌、雄个体差异大,且雌性个体所占比例远高于雄性。雌性个体的胴长范围为106～540mm,优势胴长为220～360mm;而雄性个体的胴长范围为142～310mm,优势胴长为220～260mm。初步判断调查海域存在3个群体。雌性个体的性成熟度在10°00′N以南海域以Ⅳ期个体为主,而在10°00′N以北海域则以Ⅰ期为主。雄性个体的性成熟度均以Ⅳ期为主。调查期间,摄食等级以0～1级为主,上半夜摄食等级较高,而在清晨摄食等级开始下降。胃内物以鱿鱼为主。其生长参数b值小于2.6,这说明鸢乌贼是一种瘦小型的种类。鸢乌贼的净重比例达到84.7%,比其它大洋性柔鱼类高。

Abstract:The structure and tensile mechanic performance of self-reinforced polyethylene (SRPE)monofilament for fishing gear have been analyzed in standard laboratory. Compared with common polyethylene (PE)monofilament, SRPE monofilament gets a bit higher crystallization, sonic velocity value, and the morphology of the SRPE monofilament was shish-kebab structure; the SRPE monofilament is 12.75%,4.82% and 12.69% higher than the common PE monofilament in breaking strength ,knot breaking strength and rate of loss of knot breaking strength , respectively, while in percentage of breaking elongation the latter is 27.72% higher than the former. The conclusion reached can be used as reference in designing fishing gear and selecting netting materials.

Abstract:The selectivity of square and diamond mesh codends with different mesh sizes (25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm and 45mm) of two-stick swingnet was analyzed through covernet method selective experiments, in which Logistic curve was regarded as the selection curve and the maximum likelihood method as estimation method of the parameters of selectivity model. The result demonstrated that the 50% retention body length (or fork length) for Setipinna taty and Pampus argenteus of all diamond mesh codends were larger than those of all square mesh codends (3.79% and 32.15%, respectively), while that for Pseudosciana polyactis was smaller than that of square mesh codends (7.92%). Additionally, the selection ranges for the three species mentioned above of diamond mesh codends were larger than those of square mesh codends (20.76%, 5.36% and 45.99%, respectively). There exists some difference between the experimental result and the traditional opinion. In the discussion, we consider that the relatively flat body shape and the low swimming ability of Setipinna taty and Pampus argenteus mainly contribute to the difference. As a result, the traditional viewpoint that square mesh is superior to diamond mesh should not be adhered blindly to when we want to reform the construction of codend.

Abstract:The proximate composition of Symlectoteuthis oualaniensis in edible parts (mantle, fin, tentacle) and their weights were investigated in the northwestern Indian Ocean. In addition, the water loss in mantle by heating was measured. It reveals that the edible part accounts for 81% of the whole approximately with the contents of crude protein 17.8%-19.1% and fat 0.6%-1.0%, and thus it might be considered as a kind of aquatic products with high protein and low fat food. The moisture content in mantle of Symlectoteuthis oualaniensis is higher than that in mantle of other squids, but it shows high water-holding capacity. However, there are some differences in body shape, composition and processing performance from Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the Pacific Ocean.

Abstract:After elaborating the theory of the genetic algorithm, including the coding,initial population, fitness function, genetic operation and controls parameter of arithmetic, this paper presents its application to feed diet of fishing in detail. It adopts real coding, linear ranking selection, arithmetical crossover and nonconforming mutation. The results show that this algorithm is better than the optimization of common application mathematics in the feed diet of fishing. It mainly embodies that the unitage cost price of the former is lower than that of latter. Due to resolving the long degree non-linear problem with more factors, the diet by the genetic algortithm more well and truly accords with the nutrition tontent criterion of corresponding fish.

Abstract:鱼类精子是一类分化程度很高的细胞,在精巢中不活动,一旦与其生存水环境接触,精子便立即被激活而开始运动。近年来鱼类精子的这一特性在杂交育种、良种选育、种质保护及种质改良等方面得到了进一步的研究和应用,本文主要就鱼类精液生理特性、精子活力及精子超低温保存方面的研究作一个综述。1　鱼类精液一般生理特性及精子运动器官鱼类精液外观乳白色,大多数呈弱碱性,pH值在7.3～8.5之间,其浓度和密度随季节而变化。精液中金属元素组成主要为钾、钠、钙、镁、锌等。其中钾和钠两种元素占总金属元素含量的比例高达99.7%～99.8%,主要起稳…

Abstract:Solid phase microextraction (SPME) is a novel sample preparation method. It is fast, more efficient, simple and easy to operate automatically compared with the conventional solvent extraction methods. This paper describes the structure, principle, sampling method of solid phase microextraction. Especially the optimum extraction parameters include fiber, extracting time, extracting temperature, salt extraction, etc. Solid phase microextraction has been used in environmental analysis, drug analysis and food flavor analysis etc.

Abstract:园艺产品包括水果、蔬菜和花卉的采后保鲜一直是园艺作物采后生理研究的重点。研究已证实，乙烯在园艺产品的贮运保鲜中扮演着重要角色，它诱导果实的后熟及花、叶的衰老和脱落，被称为“催熟激素”。据美国农业部估计，园艺产品采后损失约30％是乙烯作用所造成。因此，抑制内源乙烯的合成和阻止乙烯作用的研究已成为园艺产品采后延衰保鲜技术研究的重要内容。

Abstract:大眼金枪鱼一直是我国印度洋金枪鱼船队的主要捕捞对象之一，其产量占到船队金枪鱼总产量的40％以上。大眼金枪鱼分布与温跃层关系较为紧密，但在实际生产中，要探明准确的温跃层深度仍是个棘手的问题。利用地理信息系统(GIS)分析渔业数据较为少见。本文利用GIS叠图和数值分析方法，以水层温差代替温跃层研究其与大眼金枪鱼钓获率的关系，为渔业生产提供参考，对渔业地理信息系统的应用进行探索。

Abstract:方目网片及网囊是近二十年来渔具选择性研究领域开展的一项重要技术革新,被认为是保护渔业资源的一项有效措施,在国际上受到越来越多的关注[1-7]。我国在这方面的研究开始于20世纪90年代初期,主要对方形网目特性和网片缝制工艺等进行了研究,并在淡水渔业中试用[8-11]。1996

Abstract:随着人类对动物蛋白需求的不断增加和世界传统作业渔场资源的严重衰退，以海洋捕捞为主体的世界渔业正逐步向养殖业转变，以满足人类的需求和促进世界渔业的可持续发展。近年来，深水网箱因其水交换能力强、产鱼效率高、成鱼品质好、经济效益显著和对环境污染小等优点，

Abstract:人体内血清胆固醇的升高可以导致患冠状动脉硬化的机率增高，服用药物或者补充膳食添加剂来降低体内血清胆固醇是一种有效的方法。研究结果表明食用含有大量乳酸菌的乳制品可以降低动物和人体的血清胆固醇，尽管乳酸菌降低培养基中的胆固醇含量和减少人类和动物血清胆固醇含量的益生作用得到了大量的证实，但是具体的作用机理至今还没有定论。目前，

Abstract:中韩自1992年建交以来,双边贸易取得了飞速的发展。中国于2001年加入WTO更是进一步促进双边贸易关系的发展。目前,韩国已成为我国的第六大贸易伙伴,我国亦为韩国的第三大贸易伙伴。就水产品贸易来说,韩国已经成为仅次于日本、美国之后中国的第三大贸易伙伴。2002年中韩的水

Abstract:1995年上海市政府确定了服装服饰业、食品加工制造业、包装印刷业、室内装饰用品制造业、化妆品及清洁洗涤业、工艺美术品及旅游用品制造业和小型电子信息产品等七大都市型工业。因此，对都市型工业经济效益的好坏进行正确、可靠和合理的综合评价与排序研究，