Abstract:Total RNA was isolated from Cirrhinus molitorella liver tissue. The cDNA encoding insulin like growth factor I (IGF I) was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) strategy using isolated total RNA as template.The amplified cDNA fragment was inserted to vector pUCm T. The cloned cDNA was sequenced and the amino acid sequence of Cirrhinus molitorella IGF I was predicted .The nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence shared 95.2% and 100% homology with that of Cyprinus carpio mature IGF I peptide. Analysis of E domain indicated that cloned Cirrhinus molitorella belonged to IGF I Ea 2 subtype.

Abstract:In order to obtain Carassius auratus with green fluorescence, the plasmid GFP gene was transferred into the fertilized eggs by microinjection. The results showed that the three batches of fertilized eggs (4310,3952, 4056) hatched 543?282 and 266 fry, respectively, and the survival rates were 17.02%?12.53% and 13.52%, respectively; there were 23?24 and 18 fry with green fluorescence, respectively, and the expression rates were 4.24% ?8.51% and 6.77%, respectively. The detection of green fluorescence indicated that GFP gene begins to express in the muscular effect stage of gold fish embryos.

Abstract:采用PHA和秋水仙素体内注射法，以鳃组织为材料，低渗-空气干燥法制片，对文蛤的染色体进行了分析研究。结果表明，文蛤染色体绝对长度较小，为0.91-1.96μm；其二倍体数目为2n=38，核型公式为N=18m 14sm 6t，染色体总臂数NF=70。同时，本文还对帘蛤科种类的核型演化关系进行了初步探讨。

Abstract:The morphological comparison researches on Eriochair japonica and E.sinensis in different water systems of the Liaohe,Yantze,Oujiand,Minjiang and Nanliujiang River were reported.The major morphological difference of the mitten crabs(E.japonica and E.sinensis) are subsquare or second circular in carapace;obtuse or sharp in frontal teeth;lateral teeth also clear except the 4th tooth is a trace or the 4th lateral tooth also clear;the fisrst keel smooth or existing granular;knob 4or 6 in carapace;body colour olive or dark green,dark copper;tarsus of the 5th pereiopod flat and shaped oar,bneadth under 2 in length or slight flat but not as sharped oar,breadth 2-2.5 in length;toe sogment of shaped oar,breadth 4.3 in length or toe segment shaped claw,short daw,breadth 5-5.6 in length in the base. There are no significant differences in morphology,of the mitten crabs in different water systems,therefore they belong to different populations.

Abstract:This experiment was conducted on the effects of salinity on growth and oxygen metabolism in juvenile Penaeus japonicus. Salinity had significant effects on the growth and survival rate of juveniles. The best salinity for juvenile prawn growth was 10.2-26.9, and the highest growth rate was found in the 20.3 salinity group. The effects of salinity and dissolved oxygen content on instantaneous oxygen consumption rate(V) were significant. V showed good linear relation with dissolved oxygen content.

Abstract:初步研究了 1998年河口区斑节对虾淡化养殖塘生态系中的浮游生物状况。各塘浮游植物生物量变幅较大 ,平均含量为 36 .33± 2 8.4 0mg/L ;浮游植物总密度均值为 3.0 5± 2 .18× 10 8cells/L ,水体已呈富营养化状态。浮游植物的生物量及种类数均以蓝藻占优势 ,其次是绿藻和硅藻 ,这与我国传统家鱼高产池塘的浮游植物群落结构显著不同。各塘浮游动物丰度与组成变化较大 ,不如浮游植物稳定。浮游植物与浮游动物生物量之比平均为 0 .90 3:1,斑节对虾塘尚有进一步开发的潜力

Abstract:This paper deals with key techniques of large scale artificial propagation and breeding of S.meridionalis larvae.The results indicated that it was quite effective to induce spawning for female S.meridionalis by mesns of two kinds of mixed oxytocic hormones.The two kinds of mixed oxytocic hormones were (HCG+PG+LRH-A 2) and (oxytocic efficaciousness +LRH-A 2) .HCG is human chorionic gonadotrophin,PG is pituitary gland of Cyprinus carpio L.,and LRH-A 2 is luleinizing hormone releasing homone analogue.Their rates to induce spawning were 100%.The fertilization rate of eggs had close relationship with artificial fertilizing methods.The survial rates of larvae breeding were affected remarkably by opening mouth times of fries and sufficient or insufficient diets.The experiment showed that the fittest period of opening mouth of fries was from an hour before yolk sac disappearing to an hour after yolk sac disappearing completely.The main reason of survial rate decreasing on larvae breeding was caused by insufficient diet.The individuals of breeding larvae over 3 centimeter was 7.422 million individuals and the average survial rate was 80.67% when 9.2 million inidviduals of S.meridionalis fries were bred.

Abstract:The nutrient components of Monostrom latissimum, which was cultivated in China, were measured and analyzed in this paper. The result indicated that the content of protein, total amino acid and free amino acid in dried thallus was 23.1, 19.95 and 1.27% respectively. The fat content was 2.64%, in which polyunsaturated fatty acid reached 50.25%. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids accounted for 250.46, 479.75, and 78.63mg/100g dried wt respectively. Compared with laminaria and porphyra to evaluate in nutriology,the results showed the chemical scores of essential amino acid were ninety one for M. latissimum that can probably be used as good raw material of health food and marine drug.

Abstract:以青鱼、草鱼、鲢、鳙、卿5种淡水鱼为研究对象，研究淡水鱼糜加工中漂洗水温对蛋白质热稳定性的影响。实验结果表明：⑴5种鱼肉经漂洗后的肌原纤维Ca^2 -ATPase活性及凝胶强度均随漂洗水温上升而降低，并且在水温达15℃时有一加速下降的转折点；⑵鲫蛋白质受漂洗水温影响最小，其余依次为草鱼、青鱼、鲢、鳙。

Abstract:为回收鱿鱼皮中胶原蛋白等有益成分，首先对胶原蛋白的定量方法进行了考察，确立了适宜于鱿鱼皮中胶原蛋白含量测定（以羟脯氨酸汁）的方法。结果表明，在测定鱿鱼皮中胶原蛋白的含量时，宜先将鱿鱼皮进行脱脂处理，然后再直接水解测定羟脯氨酸。就水解条件而言，可分别采用120℃水解12h或130℃水解6h代替ISO-3496E方法中的105℃水解16h，以缩短水解时间，其次，采用酶法促溶和热水提取的方法对鱿鱼皮中胶原蛋白进行回收利用，以胶原蛋白回收率为依据，提出胃蛋白酶5℃酶解72h和100℃水提6h分别为酶法提取和热水提取的方法对鱿鱼皮中胶原蛋白进行回收利用，以胶原蛋白回收率为依据，得出胃蛋白酶5℃酶解72h和100℃水提6h分别为酶法提取和热水提取的最佳条件，将提取液调配后进行感官鉴定，统计结果表明，胃蛋白酶提取液显著优于100℃水提液。对胃蛋白酶酶提温度的选择说明，胃蛋白酶促溶温度宜控制在15℃以下，以得到较高的胶原蛋白回收率和较好的酶提液色泽。

Abstract:以甲壳素的浓盐酸水解产物氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐为原料 ,通过阴离子交换层析法制备氨基葡萄糖硫酸盐 ,并对其的部分性质进行研究。采用本方法制备的氨基葡萄糖硫酸盐产物的氨基葡萄糖含量为 71.6 0 % ,硫酸根含量为 18.2 5 % ,氯离子含量为 0 .0 38%。经纸层析鉴定 ,以吡啶、乙酸乙酯、水和冰醋酸按体积比 5∶5∶3∶1组成的溶剂系统进行展层 ,氨基葡萄糖硫酸盐的Rf 值为 0 .36。将氨基葡萄糖硫酸盐产物的晶体重新溶解于 2 0℃水中时 ,它的比旋光度随时间的延长而下降 ,1.5h后趋于稳定 ,从 92 .1°降低至 5 6 .7°。对它的红外光谱鉴定表明 ,在波数为 330 3.9、14 15 .6、12 15 .6、1181.2、1118.7、10 93.7和 10 34.4cm-1处有特征吸收峰。通过对氨基葡萄糖硫酸盐产物的元素分析 ,碳、氢、氮和硫的含量分别为 2 9.6 3%、6 .34%、5 .39%和 6 .5 6 %。

Abstract:The two phase flow of gas liquid in the self priming centrifugal pump was regarded as study objective in the article. By using the boundary layer equation of Tolleimn plane parallel jet in the theory about turbulent jet and the two phase flow theory of gas liquid, the intensity and dimensionless longitudinal velocity of mixing flow were explained. The formulae of self priming time and air pumping rate were put forward under several supposed conditions.

Abstract:In this paper the authors described the theory and application of PTP method, which was recommended by FAO, and applied it to the measurement of fishing capacity of Chinese fishing fleet. The problems in application were explored and discussed and the improving advices were suggested. The authors proposed a new method, called "supplement peak year", and indicate that adopting engine power of fishing vessel as the input index is more appropriate for Chinese fisheries by means of the PTP method. Then this paper also pointed out that the PTP method is suitable for market economy.

Abstract:分子生物学技术是有目的地利用及定向改造生物体系 (包括组织、细胞及其组分 )的技术。海藻分子生物技术指有目的地利用和定向改造海藻的有关分子生物学技术 ,它包括蛋白质工程、基因工程、以及与藻类天然产物开发有关的分子生物学技术。更广义地讲 ,它应包括应用于海藻学研究领域的所有分子生物学技术。目前的一些分子生物学技术如蛋白质同工酶、基于遗传物质基因组ＤＮＡ的限制片段长度多态性 (ＲＦＬＰ)技术、随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ(ＲＡＰＤ)技术、扩增片段长度多态性 (ＡＦＬＰ)技术、微卫星ＤＮＡ(ｍｉｃｒｏｓａｔｅｌｌｉｔｅＤＮＡ)…

Abstract:近年来 ,随着人们对海洋资源认识的提高 ,以及现代生物技术在海洋药物研究中的应用 ,海洋天然药物的研究开发逐步深入 ,对海鞘的研究逐渐得到越来越多的化学家和药物学家的重视 ,从中发现了不少结构新颖、活性独特的化合物 ,成为海洋天然药物研究的热点之一 ;同时 ,由于海鞘在进化上所处的特殊地位 ,它又受到动物学者、进化论者和比较内分泌学者的高度关注 ,因此 ,海鞘成为科学工作者竞相研究的热点。从海鞘中提取的环肽Ｄｉｄｅｍｎｉ-Ｂ在美国已作为一种新型抗肿瘤药物进入二期临床试验阶段 ,其药效大大高于一般的抗肿瘤药物[1 ] 。由海鞘…

Abstract:酶联免疫吸附法 (ｅｎｚｙｍｅ ｌｉｎｋｅｄｉｍｍｕｎｏｓｏｒｂｅｎｔａｓｓａｙ ,ＥＬＩＳＡ)是把抗原和抗体的特异性免疫反应和酶的高效催化作用有机结合起来的检测技术 ,它始于 1 971年Ｅｎｇｖａｌｌ和Ｐｅｒｌｍａｎｎ用碱性磷酸酶标记的ＩｇＧ定量测定ＩｇＧ[1 ] 。随着单克隆抗体技术的发展应用及免疫试剂盒的商业化 ,ＥＬＳＩＡ已广泛应用于临床医学、生物学、分析化学、食品 (乳制品、畜产品 )分析等领域。但在水产品安全检测方面的应用 ,国内目前刚刚起步 ,本文通过对ＥＬＩＳＡ方法及应用的介绍 ,旨在促进该技术在水产品安全…

Abstract:1　两种鱿鱼的形态特征和生物学特性1 .1　分类和形态特征瓦兰鸢乌贼 (Ｓｙｍｐｌｅｃｔｏｔｅｕｔｈｉｓｏｕａｌａｎｉｅｎｓｉｓ)隶枪形目 (Ｔｅｕｔｈｏｉｄｅａ)、开眼亚目 (Ｏｅｇｏｐｓｉｄｅ)、柔鱼科(Ｏｍｍａｓｔｒｅｐｈｉｄａｅ)、鸢乌贼属 (Ｓｙｍｐｌｅｃｔｏｔｅｕｔｈｉｓ) ;杜氏枪乌贼 (Ｌｏｌｉｇｏｄｕｖａｕｃｅｌｉｉ)同隶枪形目、闭眼亚目(Ｍｙｏｐｓｉｄａ)、枪乌贼科 (Ｌｏｌｉｇｉｎｄａｅ)、枪乌贼属 (Ｌｏｌｉｇｏ)。在捕捞渔业和海产品中俗称鱿鱼。1 .2　生物学特性瓦兰鸢乌贼。胴部圆锥形 ,后部较瘦凹 ,胴长约…

Abstract:为了钓捕深水层的鱿鱼 ,争取白天作业以延长作业时间 ,1 990年开始 ,水下集鱼灯被逐步应用到日本、韩国、台湾等大型鱿钓渔船上 ,并在北太平洋东部海域和新西兰、阿根廷等海域的鱿鱼渔场生产 ,取得明显的鱼获效应。随着计算机技术的不断发展 ,电气自动化水平也不断提高 ,也给我们渔业领域带来了新的机遇和挑战 ,以往传统的水下集鱼灯的控制装置已不能满足现代化生产的需求。由于可编程控制器 (ＰＬＣ) [1 ] 体积小、功能强、抗干扰能力强、可靠性高、编程简单、可进行积木式系统集成 ,在各个领域已开始广泛应用 ,但在渔业领域还很少用。本系…

Abstract:青蛤 (Ｃｙｃｌｉｎａｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ)俗称铁蛤 ,因刚采集的贝壳呈铁色而得名 ,是黄海、渤海沿岸常见品种 ,在辽、冀、鲁、江、浙、闽省地都有分布 ,多生活在近高潮区及中潮区的泥沙中 ,并多在有淡水流入的河口附近栖息。青蛤肉不但味道鲜美 ,而且营养丰富 ,是脍炙人口的营养美食。蛤肉不仅是上乘佳肴 ,而且还可入药。近代 ,国际上利用海产贝类提取药物也有很大进展 ,据称具有开胃增欲、滋润五脏、止渴解烦、软坚散肿等功能[1 ] 。随着人们生活水平的提高 ,鲜活水产品倍受青睐 ,加之活体水产品出口量的增加 ,因而水产品的保活运输技术已成…

Abstract:分别测定草鱼段气调包装袋内ＣＯ2 气体动态变化与鱼体的肌肉表面ｐＨ值 ,得出了气体的动态变化与ｐＨ值关系。在草鱼的气调包装中 ,采用ＣＯ2 、Ｏ2 和Ｎ2 作为混合气体 ,其中ＣＯ2 是一种抑菌气体。由于ＣＯ2 溶解度较大 ,因此 ,ＣＯ2 在鱼体中的溶解是产生抑菌效果的重要因素 ,也是引起气体组分变化的重要原因 ,影响鱼的贮藏效果。ＣＯ2 被鱼体表面吸收后 ,水解生成碳酸 ,引起鱼体表面ｐＨ值下降 ,反映了ＣＯ2 被鱼体吸收的量。1　材料与方法1 .1　原料鱼市售活草鱼 ,平均鱼重约 3ｋｇ。1 .2　包装材料Ｋ -ＰＥＳ/ＰＥ复合薄膜 [涂布聚偏…

Abstract:陈列柜是超市中用来销售冷冻冷藏食品的设备 ,为便于顾客挑选 ,陈列柜的一面敞开 ,利用出风口吹成的风幕将低温食品和高温环境隔开 ,以减少热量的侵入。立式陈列柜的大部分热负荷 ( 70 %以上 )来自于环境热空气的卷入[1 ] 。因此 ,形成良好的风幕是减少热负荷 ,节约能源的有效措施。当陈列柜蒸发器表面温度降到 0℃以下时 ,其表面开始有霜形成。少量的霜可以提高蒸发器的传热性能 ,而大量的霜将会增大传热热阻 ,降低流过蒸发器的空气的流量 ,导致蒸发器制冷量的减少 ,对陈列柜的性能产生不良影响[2 ] 。采用风幕减少外界热空气的渗入可以在…