• Volume 0,Issue 3,2000 Table of Contents
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    • Comparison of growth performance of Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis ) in pen culture from the Yangzte and Liaohe river systems

      2000(3):189-193.

      Abstract (2621) HTML (0) PDF 603.79 K (2036) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:This paper reports the variations in growth performance of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) originated from the Yangtze and Liaohe River, cultured in the pens seated at the Rushan Lake, Huhe river system, Anhui Province. (1)The growth rate of two crabs from two river systems appeared a slight difference in various months, compared with the Liaohe river crab, the Yangtze river crab showed a lower growth rate from March to July without significant difference (P>0.05), but better from August to October significantly (P<0.01). (2)Compared with the Yangtze river crab, the breeding molting and spawning migration of the Liaohe river crab was 30 days earlier respectively. (3)The harvest size, body weight gain and recapture rate of stocking seed between these two crabs were different significantly (P<0.01). Comprehensively say, the growth performance of the crab from the Yangtze river was better than the crab from the Liaohe river when they cultured in pens at lakes of the Huaihe River system.

    • Embryonic Development of Glyptothorax fukiensis

      2000(3):194-199.

      Abstract (2446) HTML (0) PDF 730.85 K (2036) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:福建纹胸Zhao的成熟卵呈圆形,浅绿色,卵径1.3 ̄1.8mm。受精卵吸水后迅速膨胀,直径3.0 ̄3.6mm,强粘性。膨胀后的次级卵膜上有一凹入的“漏斗”状结构与初级卵膜相连,不易分开。水温19.0 ̄26.5℃时,胚胎发育历时58h30min;15.6 ̄18.5℃时,历时115h50min。出膜仔鱼全长4.4 ̄50mm。发育过程中胚胎位置状态的改变可以作为划分发育阶段的辅助标准。

    • Hydrochemistry of the coast along Caojing, Hangzhou Bay

      2000(3):200-203.

      Abstract (2472) HTML (0) PDF 541.55 K (1898) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:本文报道了1999年1月-5月杭州湾畔金山漕泾地区用于水产养殖的河口沿岸水化学状况总含盐量(16.09±2.17)g/L;碱度(1.61±0.61)mmol/L;pH值为8.00±0.12;阴阳离子中含量最高者分别为(8.37±1.23)g/L的Cl-与(5.05±0.72)g/L的Na++K+,为典型河口区水质特点.属海水水质类型,即氯化水、钠组、Ⅲ型(ClNaⅢ).常规水质指标如下Nt为(2.01±0.40)mg/L,其中NH3-Nt占52.9%,N03--N占46.6%,N02--N占0.5%;有效磷PO3-4-P含量为(0.021±0.010)mg/L;氮磷比(N/P)=212(原子比);化学需氧量(CODMn)为(10.59±1.42)mg/L;五日生化需氧量(BOD5)为(1.52±0.67)mg/L;溶解氧(DO)平均值为(8.29±0.68)mg/L.

    • Growth and ecological conversion efficiency of red sea bream (Pagrosomus major ) and mainly affecting factors

      2000(3):204-208.

      Abstract (2478) HTML (0) PDF 576.62 K (1824) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:采用室内流水模拟实验法测定了真鲷的生长和生态转换效率。及其温度、摄食水平、饵料生物种类和群居行为因素的影响。真鲷的特定生长率随温度或摄食水平升高而减速增长,其关系分别右用公式SGR=2.01LnT-4.69(R^2=0.9881)或SGR=0.97Ln(FL)-0.25(R^2=0.9984)定量描述;而生态转移效率则随温度或摄食水平增大而增至一峰值,然后随其进一步增加而降低,其关系分别可用二次曲线Eg=-0.17T^2+7.19T-54.06(R^2=0.9945)或Eg=-1.10FL^2+10.16FL+5.54(R^2=0.9995)定量描述,且依据上述公式可分别求得实验条件下的最佳生长温度为20.8℃,维持摄食量和最佳摄食量分别为真鲷体重的1.29%和4.60%。真鲷的群居性和摄食小型鱼类饵料,有利于

    • Distribution of feal coliform bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria and its environment factors in Hangzhou Bay

      2000(3):209-213.

      Abstract (2532) HTML (0) PDF 657.38 K (1816) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:In this paper, the distribution of feal coliform bacterial and heterotropic bacteria in Hangzhou Bay, and the relationship between the biological abundance and the environmental factors have been resarched based on the data got from the field, May to June 1999. The results show the distribution of feal coliform bacteria with charateristics of the northwest higher and southeast lower, which mainly influenced by continental matter, while the distribution of hetorotropic bacteria in the east was higher than the southwest and actively coincidence with phytoplankton in the bay. Furthermore, the analysis of correlation between the bacteria and the environmental factors showed that feal coliform bacteria and heterotropic bacteria have obvious relativity with inorganic phosphorus and chlorophyl a respectively beside both of them were actively coincidence with water temperature and salinity.

    • Comparison of the quality of refreshing defrosted meat and chilled meat

      2000(3):214-218.

      Abstract (2192) HTML (0) PDF 634.42 K (2452) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:To identify the quality of refreshing defrosted meat, which was thawed by high voltage static electrical device imported from Japan, processed and sold according to the same way for chilled meat, the comparative studies was carried out between refreshing defrosted and chilled meat. The results showed there was almost no remarkable difference between the two in sensory, physical, chemical and microbiological indexes measured, as well as the quality. This study will provide a theoretical foundation for the schema to market the refreshing defrosted pork thawed by high voltage static electrical device as a new variety to supplement the insufficiency of chilled pork in Shanghai.

    • Hydrolysis of shark fin cartilage with trypsin and its "alveolus-type” degradation model

      2000(3):219-225.

      Abstract (2493) HTML (0) PDF 716.11 K (1868) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:研究了胰蛋白酶水解鲨鱼鳍软骨的水解提取液中蛋白质含量、粘多糖含量和硫酸基含量的变化规律,并采用扫描电子显微镜分析了鲨鱼鳍软骨降解过程中的结构变化。探讨了胰蛋白酶和水解鲨鱼鳍办骨的主要过程和机理,首次提出了鲨鱼鳍软骨降解过程的“蜂窝式”降解理论。

    • Comparison of fish sauces fermented from silver carp and its waste in production

      2000(3):226-230.

      Abstract (2290) HTML (0) PDF 521.73 K (1998) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:Fish sauce, a nourishing condiment, was usually fermented from marine fish. In this research silver carp and its waste in surimi processing were used as raw material for fermentation. The changes of pH value, T VBN and amino acids during the fermentation were investigated. The composition in products was analyzed and the components of amino acids in the products were compared. The result showed that pH value, T-VBN and the change tendency of amino acid were familiar. The sensory evaluation of products made from silver carp and waste had not big difference. The amino nitrogen and total nitrogen in fish sauce fermented from waste were less than those fermented from silver carp. However, the translation ratio of amino acid, fat, red index and the quotient of the components of amino acid that have delicious taste in the former were higher than the latter.

    • Optimal stocking density for cage culture of Pagrosomus major

      2000(3):231-234.

      Abstract (2771) HTML (0) PDF 521.06 K (1902) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:A production function for cage culture of Pagrosomus major was estimated by data from a survey of producers in Huiyang county, Guangdong province during 1985-1986. Explanatory variables in the quadratic model included stocking density, fingerling size, length of growing season, feed coefficient, squared and cross product terms. Model R 2 was 82.8%. Profit maximizing stocking densities were calculated for varying levels of growing season duration, fingerling size, fingerling price and adult fish price.

    • The research and probe of Chinese fisheries search engine

      2000(3):235-239.

      Abstract (2176) HTML (0) PDF 593.61 K (1881) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:搜索引擎是人们检索Web信息资源的有效途径,专业搜索引擎能理我好地满足专业信息检索的需要。水产搜索引擎普遍存在数据库规模较小但简洁实用等特点。大多数以分类集合网站网址为主,采用主题目录索引方式实现搜索。“猎渔搜索”是“中国水产网”开发的中文水产搜索引擎,其主题目录的编排采用主题分类法,共分为16个类目,并选择NT+ⅡS+SQL Sever作为开发平台,由后台索引数据库和前台搜索界面组成。

    • Mandibular organ and methyl farnesoate in crustacean

      2000(3):240-246.

      Abstract (2480) HTML (0) PDF 956.63 K (1836) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:甲壳纲和昆虫纲是节肢动物门中最为重要的两个纲 ,甲壳动物和昆虫的近缘关系决定它们的形态结构和生理生化特征也极为相似。近年来甲壳动物内分泌学的蓬勃发展 ,很大程度上借鉴了昆虫内分泌学所取得的成就。昆虫的咽侧体 (corporaallata,CA)合成和分泌保幼激素 (juvenilehormone ,JH)来调控变态[1] 和生殖[2 ] 。同时 ,JH的合成受一对生理作用相反的神经激素 ,促咽侧体激素 (allatotropin)和抑咽侧体激素 (allatostatin)的调控[3 ,4 ] 。从比较内分泌学的观点而言 ,甲壳动物的大…

    • Selenium ans fish mutrition

      2000(3):247-253.

      Abstract (2222) HTML (0) PDF 926.98 K (1847) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:硒开始是作为有毒物被人们所注意的 ,因为在 3 0年代北美地区曾发生家畜吃富硒植物而死亡的事件[1] 。但 1 957年后 ,陆续有研究者发现哺乳动物中有数种重要的疾病是因为硒的缺乏而引起的[2 -4 ] ,此后 ,硒即被公认为微量元素。所以硒是一种对动物和人类具有益处和害处双重作用的矿物质[5,6] 。1 硒的化学特性与分布硒是瑞典化学家Berzelius于 1 81 7年在黄铁矿炼铁炉的烟灰中发现的。硒原子序数为 3 4 ,原子量为78.96 ,具有非金属性和金属性。硒有 2 0个同位素 ,其中 6个是稳定性同位素 (74 Se,76Se,77Se ,78Se ,80 Se…

    • The application of microsatellite techniques in construction of fish genetic linkage-map

      2000(3):254-258.

      Abstract (2460) HTML (0) PDF 677.52 K (1887) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:分子遗传标记是建立遗传连锁图谱的基础 ,也是探索动物遗传的分子机理及克隆未知基因的基础。未来将是以基因组为基础的生命科学 ,而分子遗传标记是进行基因组研究的向导和路标。微卫星(Microsatellite)是指以少数几个核苷酸 (一般为 2~ 4bp)为单位多次串联重复的DNA序列。微卫星具有十分丰富的多态性[1] ,杂合度最高可达 1 0 0 % ,每代变异超过 2 % [2 ] 。微卫星分析可以提供分辨率达一个碱基对差异的信息[3 ] ,且等位基因的条带易于识别和解释 ,能够比当前所有的分子标记带来更多的信息量[4 ] 和信息质量 ,非常适用…

    • Market analysis and countermeasures on Trionyx sinensis culture

      2000(3):259-263.

      Abstract (2506) HTML (0) PDF 476.38 K (1986) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:中华鳖 ,俗称甲鱼、团鱼、水鱼、脚鱼 ,自古以来是我国传统的美味佳肴。随着人民生活的提高 ,对中华鳖的市场需求量直线上升。至 2 0世纪 90年代初期 ,工业化温室养鳖设施及养殖工艺的突破和推广 ,大大促进了工厂化温室养鳖业的发展。特别是在发展初期 ,鳖价猛增几倍 ,养鳖的丰厚收入 ,更进一步刺激了养鳖业的无序发展 ,形成全国性的“养鳖热”。然而 ,随着市场商品鳖数量急剧增加 ,以及境外“泰国鳖”、“越南鳖”等外来鳖种低价向国内倾销 ,中华鳖市场竞争激烈 ,鳖价大幅度下降。面对竞争 ,有些单位采用不适当的养殖工艺 ,致使商品鳖产生…

    • Investigation and analysis on coastal Artemia industry in China during 1999-2000

      2000(3):264-267.

      Abstract (2318) HTML (0) PDF 406.92 K (1930) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:随着水产养殖业的飞速发展 ,卤虫及卤虫卵的作用和经济价值已经被广泛认识 ,与之相关的产业也获得了长足的进步。我国由于卤虫及卤虫卵资源分散 ,加工、销售情况特殊 ,其产业发展处于无序状况 ,直接影响了水产养殖业的发展。为了更清楚地掌握卤虫产业的真实情况 ,从深层次分析产业状况 ,提出可持续发展对策 ,作者从 1 999年 7月至 2 0 0 0年 4月 ,直接深入我国沿海卤虫及卤虫卵产地调查、取样 ,对一些加工企业的生产、销售进行跟踪了解 ,还直接参与卤虫卵的加工 ,历时十个月 ,行程 5万余公里 ,掌握了大量的第一手资料 ,在分析卤虫及卤虫卵的…

    • Pharmacological activity of fucoidan from Laminaria japonica

      2000(3):268-271.

      Abstract (3604) HTML (0) PDF 433.81 K (2992) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:褐藻糖胶是所有褐藻固有的一种细胞间多糖 ,据报道有抗凝血、抗肿瘤、澄清血脂等药理活性[1-3 ] 。本文对采自浙江省象山县台下礁的海带中提取纯化得到的褐藻糖胶进行了抗肿瘤细胞实验与抗凝血实验 ,初步观察了褐藻糖胶对体外培养的人肝癌细胞的杀伤作用 ,并比较了其不同剂量对肿瘤细胞的影响。同时 ,还作了褐藻糖胶对小鼠体内的抗凝血实验 ,比较了其不同组分的抗凝血活性的大小。1 材料与方法1 .1 试验材料海带藻粉经稀盐酸提取 ,乙醇沉淀 ,进一步纯化得到褐藻糖胶。然后用不同酒精浓度 (2 0 % ,3 0 % ,40 % ,50 % ,6 0 %及 70 % )进行分…

    • The technique of increasing enzymolysis dissoluble protein proportion of Engraulis japonicus

      2000(3):272-275.

      Abstract (2448) HTML (0) PDF 440.21 K (1860) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract: (EngraulisJaponicus)属中上层低值鱼 ,是目前属未充分开发的蕴藏量最大的中上层低值鱼[1] ,近年来捕捞量骤增。个体小、脂肪含量高 ,很难象经济鱼类一样新鲜销售或成品加工。但是营养价值很高 ,蛋白质含量达鲜重的 1 5%~ 2 0 % ,是优质动物性蛋白质。用生物酶技术提取其高营养的可溶性蛋白质 ,是深度综合开发利用的有效加工方法之一。应用生物酶技术开发可溶性蛋白质虽已有报道[2 ,3 ] ,目前采用的都是枯草杆菌蛋白酶水解的方法。这一方法虽酶价格低 ,来源丰富 ,但必须控制低酶量和短时间酶解 ,否则产品会出…

    • Extraction and purification of fucoidan from Laminaria Japponica

      2000(3):276-279.

      Abstract (2573) HTML (0) PDF 459.63 K (2571) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:目前 ,海带工业的综合利用除了提取褐藻酸钠、碘及少量的甘露醇外 ,很少涉及褐藻糖胶的利用 ,而褐藻糖胶存在于提取液的废液中。文献报道褐藻糖胶具有抗凝血、澄清血脂、降低胆固醇和抑杀癌细胞等作用[1,2 ] 。本文对采自浙江象山台下礁海港海带的提取和纯化作了比较研究 ,从而为如何更好地利用我国的海带资源提供依据。1 材料与方法1 .1 原料海带 (LaminariaJaponica) ,1 998年 5月 2 8日采于浙江象山台下礁海港 ,烘干 ,粉碎。1 .2 褐藻糖胶的提取方法海带藻粉→热水浸提→离心→取上清液 ,滤渣同样条件再提取 1次→合…

    • Design and verification of multi-function experiment power supply for electrofishing

      2000(3):280-283.

      Abstract (2429) HTML (0) PDF 354.62 K (1826) Comment (0) Favorites

      Abstract:电渔法在鱼类捕捞学中是一种先进渔法。其目的是针对鱼类在水中电场的多种反应 ,采取特殊的渔具和方法 ,更好地利用渔业资源[1] 。然而 ,实际应用时 ,只有合理选择机具和确定有关电参数 ,才能在电捕、驱、拦等生产实践中既产生经济效果 ,又相对地保护资源和节约能源。当然 ,达到这样的水平 ,需要有关电渔的基础试验和一定的实践经验。多功能电渔法实验电源 (以下简称电源 )为研究鱼类与水中不同电场的关系及行为的电参数等电渔法基础试验提供了有效的硬件设备。设计的电源具有以下特点 :功能多 ,一机集直流、交流、脉冲多种电源形式 ;脉冲电…

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