Abstract:本文研究了蜈蚣藻Grateloupia filicina、带状蜈蚣藻G．turuturu、和Grateloupia sp．三种大型经济红藻孢子附着与萌发、盘状体与直立体的生长过程，以及温度、光照和附着基质的影响。三种藻类幼体都能牢固地附着在玻璃、瓷器及维尼龙绳等基质上，并在高温(20-28℃)、弱光(1000Lx)及短光照(10：-↑14LD)条件下生长良好。低温及强光照会破坏色素形成和抑制藻体生长。试验证明在室内进行这三种红藻的人工育苗是可行的。

Abstract:The proximate compositions of dorsal and belly muscles of silver carp, grass carp, bighead carp, blunt snout bream and crucian carp were analyzed. Also, their seasonal differences in nutritional peculiarity and flavor were observed. It was found that the fat content in dorsal muscle of these fish was less than 1% in annual average, somewhat equivalent to that in lean fish muscles. However, the fat content in dorsal muscle of these fish reared in the months from September to Deecember was more than that in the rest months of a year. The protein content of dorsal muscle in these fishes ranged from 17. 3% to 18. 5% which showed some variation in species. In contrast with dorsal muscle, the fat content in belly muscle of these fish was in a range of 2. 2% to 9. 7% in annual average,somewhat equivalent to that in medium fat fish or fat fish. It showed that there was a big variation in fat content in belly muscle of these fishes. The fat content in belly muscle was higher than that in dorsal muscle, whereas the protein and moisture contents in belly muscle decreased accordingly. Based on the variation of fat and protein contents in belly and dorsal muscles of these five species, the belly part has the peculiarity of high fat and good flavor and the dorsal part is considered to be a kind of typical health food with high protein and low fat and low value of calorie. From such differences in protein and fat contents in these two parts of fish body, it is suggested to process these muscles separately, in which the dorsal part is appropriate to be processed to surimi products due to its high content in protein and the belly part for fillets, steaks, etc, due to its good flavor. Especially for grass carp, silver carp or bighead carp it seems either reasonable or important to process dorsal and belly part separately because of their big body size and high annual productvity in several million metric tons in China. Besides, the data obtained by gas chromatography verified that a higher contents of EPA and DHA were presented in the belly muscle of silver carp.

Abstract:The hematological studies on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in three different environment - net cage, pond and reservoir were carried out by surveying and comparing the red blood cell count (RBC ), the white blood cell count (WBC ), the hemoglobin content (Hb), the color index (CI), the hematocrit value (HV) and the blood sedimentation rate (BSR) of 115 specimens. The results of the test are summarized as follows: (1) Significant differences of RBC and Hb between the fingerling in net cage and in pond were found. The RBC, Hb and HV of adult carps in net cage are significantly higher than those in pond, but the WBC and CI have no significant difference between them. (2)The RBC and HV of adult carps in net cage are significantly higher than those in reservoir,but the CI and BSR of adult carps in net cage are significantly lower than those in reservoir,the WBC and Hb have no significant difference bctween them.

Abstract:1、中国对虾生活在盐度为4．5—35．5‰海水(渗透浓度为114—1178mOsm／kg)中，其血淋巴渗透浓度变化范围为587—797mOsm／kg。当海水渗透浓度为602mOsm／kg时，其血淋巴与海水等渗；当海水渗透浓度低于602mOsm／kg时，中国对虾表现为强高渗调节，高于602mOsm／kg时为中等低渗调节。2、中国对虾血淋巴中Na^ 离子在低盐度时为高离子调节，高盐度时为低离子调节。在试验盐度范围内，K^ 和Ca^2 均为高离子调节，Mg^2 为低离子调节。3、中国对虾对盐度突变有较强的适应能力。从盐度15‰海水转移到盐度7‰和28‰海水中，转移后分别在6和24小时中国对虾血淋巴渗透浓度基本能达到稳定。