Abstract:The aquatic environmental conditions of Sunqiao canals in Chuansha County, larva cultivation, distribution of stock, yields and assessment of quantity of freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) after artificial releasing were mainly studied in this paper. The water temperature of the canal was suitable for freshwater shrimp. The water quality was good enough for growth and propagation of freshwater shrimp. The results showed that the yields of freshwater shrimp during 1987-1989 (before artificial releasing) were 1451. 23 kg and 3268. 95 kg during 1990-1991 (after releasing). The latter is 2.25 times of the former. The good results of artificial releasing of freshwater shrimp have been proved.

Abstract:It has been discussed for many years in China whether the young buds of Porphyra haitanensis can release monospores. The problem was studied in many aspects, especially for the condition of cells releasing, for the tendency of cells development and differentiation, and for the ultrastructure.After a comparison between P. haitanensis and P. yezoensis, the young buds of P. haitanensis were found releasing some cells under special culture conditions,which had been regarded as monospores. However, they are the same as vegetative cells of P. haitanensis and different from the monospores of P.yezoensis in the microstructure, ultrastructure, releasing rules and the developmental results of cells. The above results of experiments indicate that the buds of P. haitanensis can not release the real monospores.

Abstract:本课题研究体重为15～20g的草鱼在水温20℃、摄取配合饲料时的能量收支，收支式为100C＝32．26F＋1．04U＋51．54R＋15．16G。说明本试验饲料的营养物质配比较好，脂肪和糖有节约蛋白质的效果。并且还能进一步改进饲料的质量，提高鱼对饲料的消化吸收，这将是提高生长能比例的有效措施。

Abstract:This paper studies on the individual fecundity of the mackerel,Scomberomorus niphonius in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, based on 114 ovaries collected from late May and early June in 1992 and 1993 , that 27 ovaries of them were observed through histologic method. The results are showed as follows: 1. The ova diameter can be graded into 5 size classes: the yolkless oocyte with a diameter of 0.007-0. 490 mm in the second phase, the small oocyte of 0. 364-0. 714 mm in the third phase, the middle oocyte of 0. 728-0.966 mm in the early fourth phase, the large oocyte of 0. 98o-1. 540 mm in the mid and late fourth phase, and the transparent oocyte of 1. 375-2. 030 mm in the fifth phase.2. According to the frequency distribution of ova diameter in the ovary, the ripe ova more than 1. 3 mm are released 2 or 3 batches during spawning period.The oocytes more than 0. 4 mm in the third phase may be matured succesively in late spawning season.3. The individual absolute fecundity is ranged from 45 to 5257 thousand. The relative fecundity is ranged from 62 to 770 eggs/g per unit body weight or from 66 to 957 eggs/g per unit net body weight. Both absolute and relative fecundities increase with the age, body length and body weight of the fish.

Abstract:This paper reports the research results of pathology of the hepatopancreas of Penaeus chinensis caused by brokenthrough viral disease in Shanghai area. Histopathological changes: The pathological changes in hepatopancreas were mainly characterised by the diffuse necrosis and two kinds of virion and two types of ball - shaped occlusion bodies positively stained by Feulgen Reagent were found in epithelial cell nucleus. Biochemical changes: The relatively decreased activities of EST and SOD in the hepatopancreas of diseased shrimp were indicated that the function of metabolism and immunization decreased significantly by the viral disease.

Abstract:The growth rate of fingerling grass carp fed on diet without manganese (Mn) was poor. Also, the rate of occurence of dwarf - fish was high, while the Mn content of vertebrae was low in the fish fed on diet without Mn content. The Mn content of vertebrae increased and reached a plateau in the fish fed on a diet containing supplementary Mn at a level of more than 15 mg kg-1 The percentage of liver weight, liver lipid content and the activity of plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) of the fish fed diet without Mn content were higher than those of the fish fed with Mn supplemented diets. Eight hematological characteristics (RBC, Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH, MCHC, PTP and PGC) were not affected by the Mn - containing diet- The optimal demand for Mn in a diet was about 15 mg kg-1 for fingerling grass carp.

Abstract:The effects of the nutritional composition of the substrate on the bacterial growth and their N mineralization after adding organic carbon (glucose) and organic nitrogen (glycine) to the experimental fish pond were investigated in this paper. The study showed that the growth rate of bacterial assemblage and their uptake of N were enhanced by enriching the water with organic carbon. On the other hand, the growth rate of bacterial assemblage was not significantly increased, while the N mineralization was increased by enriching the water with organic nitrogen. The nutritional status of fish pond water implied that the bacterial growth was limited by the content of DOC in the substrate. The bacterial assemblage in water of the experimental fish pond acted as a decomposer of organic nitrogen in the process of nitrogen cycling within the fish pond ecosystem.

Abstract:Palaemon tenuidactylus Liu et al. is an important commerial shrimp, which lives in brackish estuaries of China. It shows small egg type of developmental pattern. The buds of the first and second pereiopods appear at the first zoeal stage, but the third and fifth at the second zoeal stage, and finally,the fourth at the third zoeal stage. Segmented pereiopods were completed in the fifth zoeal stage. Department of the pleopods in small egg type is delayed too. The buds of the pleopods appear in the sixth zoeal stage. The appendix interna appears at the ninth zoeal stage. Palaemon tenuidactylus and Palaemon gravieri live in the brackish estuaries. The larvae of these are also alike. For the sake of convenience, major different characteristics of the two species are fully given in the present paper.

Abstract:根据哺乳类β－干扰素基因的保守区合成了两对简并引物。用其中的一对（5’TCCTGC／TTGTT／TTTCTCCACN3’和5’GTCTCAT／GT／ACCAG／CCCAGTGCN3’）作PCR引物，从草鱼（Ctenopharygodonidellus）DNA中扩增获得了一预期大小的片段（约278bP）。Southern杂交的结果表明该片段与人的β－干扰素基因有一定的同源性。

Abstract:本文通过培养试验探讨了绿色杷夫藻（Pavlovaviridis）的生长特性，认为该藻具有指数生长期较长、藻群绝对密度较高且维持高峰时间较长等优良特性。该藻具有较广泛的生态适应性，能适应光强500～10000lx、温度6～30℃、海水比重1．002～1．016，特别能在低盐度（比重为1．002）、低光照（400～500lx）条件下良好生长，生态上符合罗氏沼虾人工育苗的客观要求。在育苗水体中保持一定数量饵料性微藻并投饲其他生物饵料构成人工生态育苗体系进行工厂化育苗，以角毛藻（Chaetocerossp．）、小球藻（Chlorellasp．）为对照，比较3种微藻培育罗氏沼虾状幼体的效果，发现绿色杷夫藻与角毛藻效果相当而明显好于小球藻。本文作者认为绿色杷夫藻是罗氏沼虾人工生态系育苗的理想用藻。