Against the backdrop of the increasingly radical US policy towards China, in order to respond to the US's "long-arm jurisdiction" over China's distant-water fisheries, reveal the motivation and essence of the US's implementation of "long-arm jurisdiction" and find ways to deal with it, this article uses data analysis to analyze relevant cases of the US's implementation of "long-arm jurisdiction" over China. The results of the data analysis show that the essence of the US's implementation of "long-arm jurisdiction" over China's distant-water fisheries is to compete with China and maintain its hegemonic position. The study shows that the US's implementation of "long-arm jurisdiction" has neither factual basis nor international legal basis. In order to respond to the US's abuse of "long-arm jurisdiction" over China's distant-water fisheries, it is necessary for China to build a systematic countermeasure from a legal perspective. This includes improving the domestic "blocking law" system by improving the effectiveness of the "Measures for Blocking the Improper Extraterritorial Application of Foreign Laws and Measures", establishing a cross-departmental cooperation mechanism, and clarifying the evaluation criteria of the exemption mechanism； taking advantage of the opportunity of revising the "Fisheries Law", using the jurisdiction system to improve the extraterritorial effect of China's marine fishery legislation； further promoting the Coast Guard to go global, increase the scope and intensity of China's law enforcement patrols on the high seas, and enhance China's comprehensive extraterritorial law enforcement capabilities to protect China's legitimate rights and interests. This study can provide legal countermeasures for the "long-arm jurisdiction" imposed by the United States on China in the field of distant-water fisheries, and for safeguarding the rights and interests of China's marine fishery and the development of the fishery industry.