As an important carrier of Chinese civilization, fishery culture has not only precipitated thousands of years of historical memory, but also renewed its value in contemporary society. This paper focuses on Chinese fishery culture, systematically analyzes its connotation value, resource distribution and extension, and for the first time proposes a quantitative indicator of fishery culture abundance, and uses the propensity matching score method to explore its contribution to the development of leisure fishery. The study shows that the abundance of fishery culture has a significant positive impact on the output value of leisure fishery, with an average quality improvement effect of 4.46 billion yuan, which highlights the value of fishery culture in empowering aquatic industry and promoting local economic growth. The paper also comprehensively examines the current situation of research and inheritance of Chinese fishery culture and the development dilemmas it faces, including the change of inheritance subjects, the impact of urbanization, uneven development and lack of professional talents, etc. The paper further proposes to enhance the value perception and strengthen the resources and resources. The paper further puts forward targeted development suggestions such as enhancing value cognition, strengthening resource investigation, carrying out regional pilot inheritance, expanding publicity and popularization channels, deepening transformation and application, promoting sustainable research and strengthening international cooperation, etc., aiming at perfecting the protection and inheritance system of fishermen's culture from the theoretical and practical levels, providing new ideas and practical references for the promotion of coordinated development of the cultural industry and the economic and social society, and helping realize the creative transformation and innovative development of the fishermen's culture in the new era. It will help realize the creative transformation and innovative development of fishery culture in the new era, and contribute to the construction of a strong cultural country and a strong maritime country.