The effects of different temperatures （20， 25， and 30 ℃） and different feeds （shrimp flake， commercial prawn feed， and Chlorella pyrenoidosa） on the growth and reproduction performances of Neocaridina denticulata were investigated with the 7-day-old N. denticulata postlarvae. The results showed that the survival rate of N. denticulata decreased with the increasing temperature. The survival rate at 20 ℃ （93.33%±7.20%） was significantly higher than that at 30 ℃ （P<0.05）. Temperature had no significant effect on the body length， mass， and specific growth rate of N. denticulata during the 91-day- cultivation （P>0.05）. The development of N. denticulata accelerated significantly at the increasing temperature. The first time of berried female at 30 ℃， 25 ℃， and 20 ℃ appeared at （39.25±3.20）， （55.00±1.00）， and （162.33±1.53） day， respectively. However， the body length， mass， and egg number of the berried female at 20 ℃ were significantly higher than those at 25 ℃ and 30 ℃ （P<0.05）. There were no significant differences in body length， mass， and egg number between the 25 ℃ and 30 ℃ groups （P>0.05）. There was no significant difference （P>0.05） in the relative reproductive capacity of N. denticulata among the three treatments. The hatching time of postlarva significantly decreased with the increasing temperature. The biological zero and the effective accumulated temperature on gonad development in N. denticulata were 16.57 ℃ and 507.54（℃·d） respectively. The biological zero and the effective accumulated temperature on embryonic development were 6.69 ℃ and 279.98（℃·d） respectively. The growth and survival rates of the N. denticulata fed with Chlorella pyrenoidosa were significantly inferior to those fed with shrimp flake and commercial prawn feed （P<0.05）. Compared to that fed with Chlorella pyrenoidosa， the berried female N. denticulata fed commercial prawn feed displayed significantly higher body length， mass， egg number， and relative reproductive capacity （P<0.05）. In summary， around 25 ℃ is the suitable temperature and commercial prawn feed is a suitable feed for the cultivation of N. denticulata.