Insulin-like growth factors 2 (IGF2) plays an important regulatory role in the regulation of growth, differentiation and anabolism in a variety of cells. In this study, the recombinant plasmids pEGFP-IGF2 and PET32a-IGF2 of freshwater pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii were successfully constructed, and showed that the protein was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus by pEGFP-IGF2-cell transfection. The pET32a-IGF2 was transformed into BL21 (DE3) for protein induction expression, and its prokaryotic expression vector was successfully obtained. SDS-PAGE showed a clear band at about 25 ku, which matched the size of the target band (26.27 ku), and was mainly expressed in the supernatant. In order to investigate the effect of recombinant protein IGF2 on the cellular activity of Hyriopsis cumingii, the proliferation activity of Hyriopsis cumingii mantle cells cultured with different mass concentrations of recombinant target protein (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 12.5, 17.5, 22.5 μg/mL) was further investigated by CCK8 cell activity assay. The results showed that IGF2 significantly promoted the proliferation activity of Hyriopsis cumingii mantle cells (P<0.05), and the best pro-growth effect was achieved at the mass concentration of 12.5 μg/mL, which laid the foundation for the promotion of Hyriopsis cumingii mantle cells and cell line establishment, and also provided the basis for the next investigation of the function of IGF2 in shellfish.