ENSO are the largest coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomena. ENSO has enormous effects on marine fisheries. Spatial-temporal changes and abundance index of Chilean jack mackerel (Trachurus murphyi) are analyzed, according to the statistical data of fishing yield of Chilean jack mackerel of Chinese fleets, and data of Niño 3.4 region sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) from 2003 to 2016. The result shows that there is significant correlation between ENSO and the fishing ground gravity of Chilean jack mackerel. The correlation degree between SSTA of the Niño 3.4 region and longitudinal gravity, latitude gravity, monthly change of CPUE and interannual change of CPUE are 0.700, 0.726, 0.520 and 0.703. During EI Niño occurrence, fishing ground gravity moves northwest, the CPUE higher than the CPUE of normal month, while during La Niña occurrence, fishing ground gravity moves southeast, the CPUE lower than the CPUE of normal month.