In order to investigate the effects of Sr²⁺ and boric acid (H₃BO₃) on the development of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, 25 days of nursery experiments with 7 groups of Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ water were conducted to analyze the abnormal development and survival of juveniles and the effect of metabolic enzyme activity in larval shrimp. The results of nursery experiments showed that the high and low concentrations of Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ in the nursery water significantly affected the survival rate and the emergence rate of the juveniles. The high concentration effect was stronger than the low concentration and was not suitable for nursery. When the mass concentration of Sr²⁺ ≥ 6.53 mg/L and the mass concentration of H₃BO₃ ≥ 155.60 mg/L, the survival rate and seedling emergence rate of juveniles were significantly lower than those of C control group (P<0.05). When the mass concentrations of Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ in water were close to 0, the larvae still had 11.7% and 11.3% emergence rate, respectively.The range of suitable nursery seedlings was 0.72-3.90 mg/L and 2.38-9.66 mg/L, corresponding emergence rate of 12.3%-16.0% and 12.1%-16.3%, The optimal concentration was (2.80±0.05) mg/L and (9.66±0.14) mg/L, respectively,which were similar to the Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ mass concentrations obtained by converting the ratio of salinity to oceanic water and artificial rearing water.Sr²⁺ had a significant effect on alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity (P<0.05) and had no significant effect on Ca²⁺-ATP activity (P>0.05). However, when the mass concentration of Sr²⁺ was 1.29-3.90 mg/L, both AKP and Ca²⁺-ATP showed higher viability, and the activity was lower at low mass concentrations (less than 0.72 mg/L). H₃BO₃ had a significant effect on AKP and SOD activity (P<0.05). At 9.66-49.50 mg/L, AKP activity was significantly higher than that of low mass concentration group (P<0.05) in the control group; when mass concentrations were 5.60-9.66 mg/L, SOD activity is low. The result of metabolic enzyme showed that the metabolic enzyme had good vigor when the mass concentration of Sr²⁺ and H₃BO₃ was 1.29-3.90 mg/L and 5.60-49.50 mg/L, respectively.This experimental result provides a practical guidance for the optimization of artificial seawater formula of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.