To establish a rapid method for detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in aquatic products, a magnetic immunochromatographic test strip (MITS)was developed. Anti-V. parahaemolyticus polyclonal antibody (PAb) was prepared and conjugated with magnetic beads to prepare immunomagnetic beads (IMBs). Next, PAb and goat anti-rabbit IgG were used as a test line (T line) and a control line (C line) to develop a sandwich MITS. In order to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the test strip, the concentration of surfactant, protein and saccharides in the chromatographic system was optimized by orthogonal test. Our results showed that the effect of these three factors was Tween-20>BSA>sucrose, with the optimized chromatographic system (5% Tween-20,0 mg/L sucrose,0.2 mg/mL BSA), the MITS was capable to detect 1.6×10⁴ CFU/mL of V. parahaemolyticus in 5-10 min qualitatively and 4.1×10³ CFU/mL in 30-40 min quantitatively. Our study could provide a new rapid identification, diagnosis and detection for food pathogen.