Sargassum thunbergii is a common coastal economic brown algae of high nutritional value and low alginate content, which is the best natural bait of sea cucumber. With the industry development of sea cucumber and abalone aquaculture , the production of wild algae gradually can not meet production requirements. The artificial breeding and culture technology of S.thunbergii is gradually rising. S.thunbergii in medicine, health care and chemical industries and other industries also has great development potential. The author reviewed the biological condition effects on S.thunbergii growth, reproduction, nutrition and latest developments of nutrients, population genetics, artificial breeding and culture technology, proposed future research and development trend in order to provide scientific basis for the development of S.thunbergii industry.