A new goby,Odontobutis sinensisWu,Chen et Chong sp.nov.was collected from middle reaches of Yang tze River and the drainages of Pearl River,China.This new species is most resmbles to Odontobutis obscura (Temminck et Schlegel)of Japan in having not sensory canal pore C on the head,but differs for the other known species of Odontobutis in China,the latters in having the sensory canal pore C.However the present species differs from the O.obscura in having 6 dorsal spines (vs.7 dorsal spines);14-15 rays of pectoral fin (vs.16 rays);39-42 longitudinal scales (vs.36-38);16-17 transverse scales (vs.13-15).Holotype and paratype of the new species as detailed in the Chinese text,are all kept in Department of Ichthyology,Shanghai Fisheries University,Shanghai. The description of the new species and discussion with related species are provided.