To gain a deeper understanding of the recovery status of Larimichthys crocea （large yellow croaker） resources， this study analyzed four seasons of trawl survey data collected from the Dachen Island region at a local scale during 2020-2021. By comparing the body length parameters of captured wild juvenile L. crocea with those of stock-enhanced individuals， we preliminarily identified whether they belonged to wild reproductive populations. Mitochondrial COⅠ gene sequences were determined for wild adult samples （LCA）， wild juvenile samples （LCJ）， and copper-net-cultured samples （LCC） from the Dachen Island waters to preliminarily assess the impact of stock enhancement on the genetic structure and diversity of wild L. crocea populations.The results showed that wild juvenile L. crocea in the study area were predominantly found in spring， with body lengths ranging from 11.24 to 70.00 mm （mean： 33.46 ±12.9 mm）， significantly smaller than the minimum size standard （>5 cm） of stock-enhanced individuals. Wild adults and juveniles exhibited high haplotype diversity and moderate nucleotide diversity （H_d = 0.516-0.879， P_i = 0.001 8-0.003 7）. Genetic differentiation indices revealed minimal divergence among the three populations， with gene flow values ranging from 6.8141 to ∞， indicating no significant genetic structure differences. Phylogenetic and network analyses demonstrated high genetic relatedness between wild and cultured populations. This study suggests that the wild L. crocea population in the Dachen Island waters likely originated from stock enhancement or escapees from net pens， which have successfully reproduced and formed a replenishment population of observable scale. Moreover， these populations exhibit an accumulation of genetic mutations， indicating that the conditions for the recovery of L. crocea resources in the Dachen Island waters are gradually being established.