Three carriers （Bumpy clay, Carrageenan and Diatomaceous earth） were selected for the preparation of immobilized microbial particles, and the different particle properties, pollutant removal performance and influencing factors were investigated in the present paper. The particle performance studies showed that the mechanical strength of the immobilized particles was high for Bumpy clay and Diatomaceous earth and low for Carrageenan； with nutrient supplementation, Bumpy clay and Carrageenan could stably release 1.50×10⁶ CFU/mL and 2.60×10⁵ CFU/mL of microorganisms, while the release of Diatomaceous earth was poor. According to fitting results of the Monod equation, it could be obtained that the Diatomaceous earth immobilized microbial particles had the largest specific degradation rate （μ_max） for COD_Mn. Carrageenan was comparable to it, and the lowest μ_max was observed for Bumpy clay. While the Ks of Diatomaceous earth particles was significantly lower than that of the other two particles. Also, the kinetics of ammonia degradation showed a similar pattern to that of COD_Mn. The effect of environmental conditions on the degradation performance of the immobilized microbial particles showed that the highest first-order rate constants （k₁） for COD_Mn were found under neutral （pH=7） condition for the three materials. The k₁ for ammonia degradation were higher for Bumpy clay and US diatomaceous earth under neutral and alkaline conditions, however the highest rate of ammonia degradation was found for Carrageenan under neutral conditions. The k₁ of COD_Mn and ammonia by immobilized microbial particles increased with the increase of temperature, among which the Bumpy clay was more sensitive to the change of temperature. Except for the Diatomaceous earth particles, the k₁ for COD_Mn degradation by the other two immobilized microorganisms increased significantly （P < 0.05） with the increase of the initial concentration of the pollutant. There was no significant difference in the k₁ of COD_Mn at different aeration intensities （P > 0.05）, and higher aeration intensity was beneficial to the degradation of ammonia.