2025年4月6日 周日
首页 > 过刊浏览>2024年第33卷第1期 >186-201. DOI:10.12024/jsou.20230304115
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外伶仃海洋牧场附近海域游泳生物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系
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中图分类号:

S 931.4

基金项目:

广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2020B1111030002）；中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目（2023TD06）


Relationship between community structure of nekton and environmental factors in Wailingding marine ranching area
Author:
  • FENG Xue

    FENG Xue

    College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environments, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China/Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China
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  • DAI Xiaojie

    DAI Xiaojie

    College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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  • YUAN Huarong

    YUAN Huarong

    South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environments, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China/Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China
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  • CHENG Zhijian

    CHENG Zhijian

    South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environments, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China/Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China
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  • CHEN Pimao

    CHEN Pimao

    South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, CAFS, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environments, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China/Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong, China
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Fund Project:

Applied Research Project of Guangdong Province R&D Project in Key Areas (2020B1111030002); Basic Research Business Expenses Project of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (2020TD06)

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    摘要:

    为了解外伶仃海洋牧场附近海域游泳生物群落结构特征，于2020年春季和秋季对该海域开展了资源环境综合调查，分析了游泳生物种类组成、优势种、渔获率和群落结构特征，并构建游泳生物群落结构数据矩阵，分析游泳生物群落结构与环境因子的关系。研究共采集到游泳生物73种，隶属于12目30科49属，其中鱼类最多，共有47种，虾类10种，蟹类9种，头足类4种，虾蛄类3种。相对重要性指数（Index of relative importance， IRI）分析显示，渔获物中IRI＞1 000的优势种有4种，分别为银鲳（Pampus argenteus）、赤鼻棱鳀（Thrissa kammalensis）、火枪乌贼（Loligo beka）和鹿斑鲾（Leiognathus ruconius），其中银鲳和赤鼻棱鳀是两季调查共同优势种。游泳生物Margalef物种丰富度指数（D）、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H'）和Pielou均匀度指数（J'）均呈现春季高于秋季的结果，单因素方差分析（ANOVA）显示多样性指数（H'）和均匀度指数（J'）在不同季节存在显著性差异，物种丰富度指数（D）季节差异不显著。相似性百分比分析（SIMPER）表明春季贡献率最高的物种为赤鼻棱鳀，秋季贡献率最高的是印度鳓，春秋季组间平均相异性为78.64%，相异性累积贡献率为42.72%。冗余分析（Redundancy analysis， RDA）显示：叶绿素a、水团和石油类是影响外伶仃海洋牧场附近海域游泳生物群落结构的主要环境因子。研究表明，外伶仃海洋牧场附近海域游泳生物渔获量高密度区主要出现在岛礁近岸海域，游泳生物在不同季节群落组成差异明显，可能与生活史规律、伏季休渔政策的执行及海域重点环境因子的影响有关。研究结果可为科学合理摸清海洋牧场建设区域游泳生物群落特征和指导评估海洋牧场生态修复效果提供基础数据和理论参考。

    Abstract:

    In order to understand the structural characteristics of nekton community near Wailingding marine ranching area， a comprehensive survey of resources and environment was carried out in the spring and autumn of 2020， and the composition of nekton， dominant species， catch rate and community structure characteristics were analyzed，and a nekton community structure data matrix was constructed to analyze the influence relationship between nekton community structure and environmental factors.A total of 73 species of nektons were collected， belonging to 12 orders and 30 families and 49 genera， the largest number of fish with 47 species， 10 species of shrimps， 9 species of crabs， 4 species of cephalopods， and 3 species of mantis shrimps.Index of relative importance （IRI） results shows that there are four dominant species with IRI＞1 000， namely Pampus argenteus， Thrissa kammalensis， Loligo beka and Leiognathus ruconius，among which Pampus argenteus and Thrissa kammalensis were the common dominant species in both seasons. The results of Margalef index （D'）， Shannon-Wiener index （H'） and Pielou index （J'）showed that spring was higher than autumn， one-way analysis of variance （ANOVA） showed that H' and J' were significantly different in different seasons， however D'was no significant seasonal difference. Similarity of percentage （SIMPER） revealed that the species with the highest contribution in spring was Thrissa kammalensis， and the highest contribution in autumn was Ilisha indica，the average dissimilarity was up to 78.64% and the cumulative contribution rate of anisotropy was 42.72%. Redundancy analysis （RDA） shows that chlorophyll a， water mass and petroleum are the main environmental factors that affect the community structure in Wailingding marine ranching area.The study shows that the high-density area of catch mainly appears in the coastal waters of islands and reefs，and the community composition of swimming organisms is obviously different in different seasons， which may be related to the law of life history， the fishing moratorium policy and the influence of key environmental factors in the area.The result can provide basic data and theoretical reference for scientifically and reasonably understanding the characteristics of nekton community in the construction area of marine ranching， guiding and evaluating the ecological restoration effect of marine ranching.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-10
  • 最后修改日期:2023-05-16
  • 录用日期:2023-05-17
  • 在线发布日期: 2024-01-29
  • 出版日期: 2024-01-20
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