中成鱼阶段线鳢对饲料蛋白和脂肪的最适需求量
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S 965.199

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广州开发区国际科技合作项目(2021GH15)


Optimal protein and lipid requirements of snakehead, Channa striata, during the grow-out stage
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    摘要:

    线鳢(Channa striata)是东南亚广泛养殖的一种高经济价值淡水肉食性鱼类,但中成鱼阶段(体质量>100 g)线鳢的基础营养需求研究尚处于空白阶段。本研究首先通过添加不同水平鱼粉,设计6组等脂的蛋白梯度实验饲料,探索中成鱼阶段线鳢(初始体质量约150 g)的最适蛋白需求量。养殖实验持续8周,每日两餐饱食投喂。结果显示,当饲料脂肪含量为15%时,随着饲料蛋白含量从36%升高到51%,线鳢的生长性能和饲料效率先升高后趋稳定,而蛋白沉积率则先升高后降低。回归模型拟合增重率和蛋白沉积率,获得中成鱼阶段线鳢对饲料蛋白的最适需求量分别为41.5%和42.3%。在获得最适蛋白需求的基础上,通过添加不同水平的大豆磷脂油,设计6组等氮的脂肪梯度实验饲料,研究中成鱼阶段线鳢(初始体质量约150 g)对饲料中脂肪的最适需求量。养殖实验持续8周,每日两餐饱食投喂。结果显示,当饲料蛋白含量为42%时,随着饲料脂肪从9%升高到19%,线鳢的生长性能和饲料效率先升高后趋稳定,而脂肪沉积率则先升高后降低。回归模型拟合增重率和蛋白沉积率,获得中成鱼阶段线鳢对饲料脂肪的最适需求量分别为15.2%和15.3%。综上,中成鱼阶段线鳢对饲料蛋白和脂肪的最适需求量分别为41.5%~42.3%和15.2%~15.3%。

    Abstract:

    Channa striata is a high-value, carnivorous freshwater fish species widely farmed in the Southeast Asia. However, its basic nutrient requirements during the grow-out stage (body mass> 100 g) are largely unexplored. In this study, we first explored the optimal protein requirement of Channa striata. Six isolipidic (15%) diets with varying protein levels were formulated by adjusting the fish meal inclusion level. Fish with a mean initial body weight of 150 g were fed these experimental diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Our results showed that the growth performance and feed efficiency of Channa striata improved and plateaued while the protein retention increased and then declined, as the dietary protein level increased from 36% to 51%. Using the weight gain and protein retention as response variables, the protein requirement of Channa striata was estimated to be 41.5% and 42.3%, respectively, by the regression analysis. We further explored the optimal lipid requirement of Channa striata based on the protein requirement result. Six isoproteic (42%) diets with varying lipid levels were formulated by adjusting the soy lecithin inclusion level. Fish with a mean initial body weight of 150 g were fed these experimental diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. The results showed that the growth performance and feed efficiency of Channa striata improved and plateaued as the dietary lipid level increased from 9% to 19%. In contrast, the lipid retention increased as the lipid level increased from 9% to 15%, but declined as dietary lipid further increased. Using the weight gain and protein retention as response variables, the lipid requirement of Channa striata was estimated to be 15.2% and 15.3%, respectively, by the regression analysis. In conclusion, the optimal protein and lipid requirement of Channa striata during the grow-out stage was estimated to be 41.5%-42.3% and 15.2%-15.3%, respectively.

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李彦先,王晓东,胡海滨,张健,梅逸强,潘雷雷,姜瑞丽,宋涛,贠彪,庄界成,解绶启,钱雪桥.中成鱼阶段线鳢对饲料蛋白和脂肪的最适需求量[J].上海海洋大学学报,2023,32(6):1205-1215.
LI Yanxian, WANG Xiaodong, HU Haibin, ZHANG Jian, MEI Yiqiang, PAN Leilei, JIANG Ruili, SONG Tao, YUN Biao, ZHUANG Jiecheng, XIE Shouqi, QIAN Xueqiao. Optimal protein and lipid requirements of snakehead, Channa striata, during the grow-out stage[J]. Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2023,32(6):1205-1215.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-05
  • 最后修改日期:2022-12-01
  • 录用日期:2023-01-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-11-29
  • 出版日期: 2023-11-20
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