In order to explore the difference of phototactic behaviors of zebrafish under different light conditions, the behavior responses of 6-month-old adult zebrafish under ultraviolet light and visible light were recorded, and the distribution of zebrafish under five monochromatic lights (purple, blue, green, yellow and red) and dark condition were also recorded. The results showed that when the stimulus light was UV, zebrafish preferred to swim to the dark side, and when the stimulus light was visible light, zebrafish preferred to swim to the visible light side. When UV and visible light were set in test area A and test area B respectively, the preference index of zebrafish did not increase with the increase of UV stimulation intensity, while when UV and visible light were set in test area B at the same time, the preference index of zebrafish showed a significant downward trend with the increase of UV stimulation intensity. The average distribution rate of zebrafish in red light in 5min and 30min was higher than that in purple light, in blue light, and in yellow light by sequence. The average distribution rate of green light in 5min was higher than that in red light, and the average distribution rate of green light in 30min was higher than that in blue light and lower than that in purple light. The results revealed that zebrafish tended to visible light and stayed away from ultraviolet light, showing obvious UV avoidance and phototaxis, and there was a significant inhibiting effect between UV avoidance and phototaxis, but there was no synergist between them. In addition, zebrafish had a higher preference for red light, green light and purple light, but lower preference for yellow light. The results can provide reference for the research of visual ecology of zebrafish.