人工诱导青田田鱼雌核发育子代形态和遗传分析
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S917

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上海市科委“一带一路”海洋生物科学国际联合实验室项目(19590750500);上海海洋大学双一流学科建设项目(ZF1206)


Morphologic and genetic analysis of the artificially induced gynogenesis in Qingtian paddy field carp
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    摘要:

    为了开发浙江青田稻田田鱼优良种质资源,采用紫外线灭活精子、染色体加倍等雌核发育技术,成功获得青田田鱼雌核发育子一代(G1)。对照普通子一代(F1),测量和观察160日龄G1的形态特征和性腺发育情况;在全基因组水平上,利用SNP技术,鉴定和分析G1遗传物质。结果发现G1有3种体色,个体间生长差异大,黑色生长最快,平均体质量达392.45 g。G1平均生长速度慢于F1。G1形态参数与F1存在差异,全长与体高之比差异极显著。G1个体之间卵巢发育不一致,大个体的卵巢发育类似于F1,主要为Ⅲ时相的初级卵母细胞。SNP检测发现,通过1次雌核发育技术的种质改良,田鱼遗传物质的纯合性由母本平均38.42%提高到G1平均61.85%,并有父本遗传物质渗入G1个体,致使个体在体色和生长速度方面均表现出显著的差异性。本研究成功得到了青田田鱼人工雌核发育群体,为今后青田田鱼育种和种质资源开发奠定了良好基础。

    Abstract:

    The resources of the indigenous common carp was exploited which are bred in paddy field to become a paddy-field carp in Qingtian, Zhejiang Province. The gynogenesis in Qingtian paddy field carp was artificially induced by sperm inactivated via ultraviolet irradiation, and followed by meiotic chromosome doubling in the method of cold shock. The gynogenesis offspring (G1) were obtained. Using common offspring (F1) as standard, the morphological characteristics and gonad developments of the 160-day-old G1 were observed. SNP technology was used for genetic identification of G1 at the genomic level. The results showed G1 had 3 types of body colors and different growth rates. Out of them, the black type shows the fastest growth, and an average body mass reached 392.45 g. The average growth rate of G1 was significantly slower than F1. G1 showed morphological proportion's difference from F1, and the ratio of total length/body depth was significantly different. In individuals, G1's ovaries developed in various periods, and ovaries of the large individuals had predominantly primary oocytes in stage Ⅲ which was similar to F1. For the purity rate of genetic material of paddy field carp by SNP detecting, the average rate of homozygous loci 61.85% of G1 was higher than 38.42% of maternal genome through gynogenesis technology, and some paternal genetic materials integrated into G1's individuals, resulting in the differences in body colors and growth rate. G1 will be used for the conservation of genetic resources, and further for the selected breeding of Qingtian paddy field carp.

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支宇,刘其根,吴嘉敏,刘东.人工诱导青田田鱼雌核发育子代形态和遗传分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2022,31(4):839-848.
ZHI Yu, LIU Qigen, WU Jiamin, LIU Dong. Morphologic and genetic analysis of the artificially induced gynogenesis in Qingtian paddy field carp[J]. Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2022,31(4):839-848.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-30
  • 最后修改日期:2021-09-27
  • 录用日期:2021-09-27
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-07-22
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