South Pacific albacore (Thunnus alalunga) is the main species of Chinese tuna longline fishery, and it is also an important temperate tuna species in the western and central Pacific Ocean.In 2019, the total catch of the south Pacific albacore in the western and central Pacific Ocean was 85 050 metric tons, of which 96% was caught by longline fishing vessels. Catch of Chinese longline fishing vessels accounts for one third of the total, ranking first in the fishing of south Pacific albacore.In 2005, the western and central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) adopted the south Pacific albacore conservation management measures which limits the fishing effort in the area of south of 20°S in the Convention area. This paper analyses the management objectives of southern albacore tuna including maintaining the stock of the south Pacific albacore above the interim target reference point, adopting the management road map of the south Pacific albacore and amending the new conservation and management measures of the south Pacific albacore, and suggests abolishing the 20°S, expanding the operating area, and actively developing the fishing mechanism of long-term lease arrangement with Pacific island countries.This paper also discusses the formulation and revision process of the south Pacifica lbacore conservation and management measures of WCPFC, and projects the impact of the zone-based fishery management system proposed by the south Pacific island countries on Chinese tuna longline fishery targeting south Pacific albacore, which provided scientific reference for the adjustment direction and countermeasures of Chinese south Pacific albacore fishery in the future.