In order to evaluate the order of the summer fishing moratorium in the South China Sea, this study reviewed plenty of literatures to collect the potential effect factors of summer fishing moratorium. The Delphi method was used to screen out indicators in the South China Sea, and the weight value of each evaluation index was analyzed and calculated based on the analytic hierarchy process. The influences of these factors were also verified by surveys. The results showed that 28 out of the 33 evaluation indicators were selected by the Delphi meeting the order evaluation criteria of the summer fishing period in the South China Sea. The results of analytic hierarchy process indicated that the related personnel (A₁,0.345) and the construction of the summer fishing moratorium facilities (A₃,0.370) of the first-level index weight were more weighted, while the law enforcement facilities (B₆,0.200) and fishermen (B₁,0.193) had larger weights among the second-level indicators. Among the three-level indicators, the law enforcement funds (C₁₆,0.100), the law enforcement equipment (C₁₇,0.100), subsidies for fishing moratoriums (C₃,0.087), illegal fishing of vessels without certification (C₂₆,0.072), and the invasion fishing of Vietnamese fishing vessels (C₂₇,0.052) accounted for a larger proportion. The case verification showed that fishery law enforcement funds and law enforcement equipment had key impacts on the current condition of summer fishing closure order in the South China Sea; Fishermen's subsidies during the fishing moratorium, illegal fishing of vessels without certification and the invasion fishing of Vietnamese fishing vessels had a great impact on the order. To some extent, this study revealed the impact of each evaluation index on the summer fishing closure order, which can provide some reference for standardizing the order and improving the summer fishing closure system in the South China Sea.