Promoting the green development of mariculture is very important for the construction of maritime power, while the top priority is to handle the relationship between resources, environment, and economy in the process of industrial development properly so that Chinese mariculture industry may break relevant development bottleneck for a transformation from big mariculture country into mariculture power. In this study, a coupling coordination degree model was used to measure to what degree relevant development is coordinated based on a comprehensive resource-environment-economy evaluation system for Chinese mariculture industry. The results showed that from 2011 to 2018, for both mariculture resource and environment development indexes of China, there was a downward trend, while for the economic development index, there was an oscillatory upward trend. The complex system for Chinese mariculture was in a high coupling of intermediate coordination state at a low development level. For both resource-environment and environment-economy systems, the coordination degree showed an oscillatory downward trend on the verge of misalignment, while for the resource-economy system, the coordination degree showed an oscillatory upward trend. In terms of geographical distribution, the coordination degree for the complex system is high in the north and low in the south. It is suggested that all relevant regions should focus on the weak links in development, strengthen the innovation in aquaculture technology, and mainly support the resource-environment harmonious development, so as to promote the green sustainable development of mariculture industry.