The illuminance distribution calculation and simulation of fishing lamps is the crucial means to arrange the lighting of fishing boats reasonably. With the assistance of wind speed, relative humidity, parameters of the fishing lamps and fishing boats and the analysis of photon transmission characteristic, a sea surface illuminance model of the fishing lamps for the lighting of fishing boats has been established through Monte Carlo method. The model adopts the Mie scattering to calculate relative humidity and the absorption and scattering for the wind speed of sea surface to photon and considers the impact for the wind speed of sea surface on the Fresnel coefficient while the photons are entering into the water. The comparison between the model and the superposition method shows that the linear fitting slope coefficient of the theoretical calculation value and the measured value of the model is closer to 1.By calculating the sea surface illuminance at different wind speeds and relative humidity, the results show that: the illuminance first increases and then decreases with the increase of the distance from the ship's midship line; the relative humidity is constant, as the distance from the midship line increases, first the greater the wind speed, the greater the illuminance, and then the greater the wind speed, the lower the illuminance; the wind speed is constant, and the relative humidity has little effect on the sea surface illuminance. The purpose of this research is to establish a sea surface illuminance model for fishing lamps to provide a theoretical basis for future research on lighting configuration.