To understand the role of the tidal reach coastal waters of the Yangtze River in subfamily Gobioninae conservation, a stow net was set up along the Jingjiang section to collect 2 or 3 samples each month from 2003 to 2017. The correlation between the abundance dynamics of Gobioninae and the environmental factors was analyzed. 23 668 fish individuals (65.6 kg) of Gobioninae subfamily were collected from 499 sampling times and categorized into 9 genera and 19 species. The subfamily accounted for 14.6% of the total catch quantity, one of the dominant groups in this watershed. The average weight of the subfamily individual was 2.8 g, and most were the juveniles. The Relative Importance Index (IRI) analysis indicated that Pseudorasbora parva, Abbotina rivularis, Squalidus argentatus, and Saurogobio gymnocheilus were commonly found and species S. nitens, S. dunerili, and S. dabryi were general species in this water area. However, the proportion of the subfamily in the total catch varied with seven fold changes in different years. According to the CCA ranking analysis, the high water temperature and lower air pressure led to the increase of 5 species in the group Ⅰ, and the decrease of two species in the group Ⅱ. Spearman analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the abundance of the subfamily and the air pressure (P=0.046 1<0.05). When the turbidity was less than 100 NTU, the abundance of the subfamily was negatively correlated with the turbidity (P=0.009 2<0.01). Altogether, the waters along Jingjiang section are important habitats for the larvae of Gobioninae, and affect their species diversity and quantity with multiple environmental factors.