上海低盐度封闭海域IMTA建立及大黄鱼生态养殖
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S965.3

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上海市海洋局科研项目(沪海科2015-02)


Establishment of IMTA in Shanghai’s low salinity closed sea and ecological breeding of large yellow croaker
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    摘要:

    在上海金山低盐度封闭海域建立了IMTA(integrated multi-trophic aquaculture)系统,进行了大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)成鱼生态养殖试验及营养检测分析。结果显示:采用水生植物穗花狐尾藻、近江牡蛎进行生态修复后,水体中硝态氮、亚硝态氮、铵态氮、磷酸盐和COD平均浓度分别下降58.82%、37.50%、55.32%、53.85%和45.18%,大黄鱼存活率达到94%,10月份特定增长率0.22%±0.018 %/d。生态养殖的大黄鱼肥满度、肝体指数、脏体指数分别为1.82±0.25、1.36 %±0.32 %、3.18 %±0.22 %,均显著低于非生态养殖的大黄鱼13.7 %、25.7 %、24.5 %(P<0.05)。特别是粗脂肪含量为31.14 %±0.11 %,显著低于非生态养殖的大黄鱼42.46 %±0.08 %(P<0.05);粗蛋白、灰分和水分含量分别为66.79 %±5.94 %、3.84 %±0.003 %和73.15 % ±0.07 %,均分别显著高于非生态养殖的大黄鱼54.91 %±4.88 %、3.14 %±0.005 %和65.96 % ±0.03 %(P<0.05);生态养殖大黄鱼的必需氨基酸的缬氨酸(Val)、蛋氨酸(Met)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、亮氨酸(Leu)、苏氨酸(Thr)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、赖氨酸(Lys)含量显著高于非生态养殖大黄鱼20.7%,36.0%,22.1%,20.5%,20.1%,25.2%,18.2%(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,大黄鱼可以在5~6低盐度海域生存和养殖,生态养殖模式下的大黄鱼具有更高营养价值。

    Abstract:

    The Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture system was established in the low-salinity closed waters of Jinshan, Shanghai for the first time, and the ecological fish culture experiment and nutrient detection analysis of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) were carried out. The results showed that after the ecological restoration by Myriophyllum spicatum and Crassostrea rivularis,the concentration of NO3-N, NO2-N, NH4-N, PO4-P and COD decreased by 58.82%, 37.50%, 55.32%, 53.85% and 45.18%, the survival rate of large yellow croaker was 94%, the specific growth rate of October was (0.22%±0.018%)/d.The condition factor, viscerosomatic index and hepatosomatic index of the ecological large yellow croaker was 1.82%±0.25%, 1.36%±0.32 %, 3.18%±0.22 %, significantly 13.7%, 25.7 %, 24.5 % lower than non-ecological large yellow croaker (P<0.05).In particular, the crude fat content of ecological large yellow croaker was 31.14%±0.11%, which was significantly lower than that of non-ecological large yellow croaker (42.46%±0.08%) (P<0.05).The water content, crude protein content and ash content of ecological culture were 66.79%±5.94 %, 3.84%±0.0029 % and 73.15% ±0.069%,which were significantly higher than non-ecological culture 54.91%±4.88 %, 3.14%±0.0046% and 65.96%±0.033 % (P<0.05).The essential amino acid valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, threonine, phenylalanine and lysine of ecological culture were 20.7%, 36.0%, 22.1%, 20.5%, 20.1%, 25.2%, 18.2% significantly higher than non-ecological culture (P<0.05).The above results showed that the large yellow croaker can be cultured in 5-6 low salinity waters, and the ecological cultured large yellow croaker had higher nutritional value.

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张琪,霍元子,刘巧,刘萌萌,陆宏达,华雪铭,何培民.上海低盐度封闭海域IMTA建立及大黄鱼生态养殖[J].上海海洋大学学报,2020,29(2):242-248.
ZHANG Qi, HUO Yuanzi, LIU Qiao, LIU Mengmeng, LU Hongda, HUA Xueming, HE Peimin. Establishment of IMTA in Shanghai’s low salinity closed sea and ecological breeding of large yellow croaker[J]. Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2020,29(2):242-248.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-02-24
  • 最后修改日期:2019-06-18
  • 录用日期:2019-08-20
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-04-14
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