不同采收期坛紫菜的风味比较
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中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2016ZD0801);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-50)


Flavor analysis of Porphyra haitanensis harvested during different periods
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    摘要:

    坛紫菜的采收有“分茬”的特点,为科学评价不同采收期的坛紫菜在风味方面的差异,采用电子舌、电子鼻和气相离子迁移谱仪对一水、二水、三水、四水和五水坛紫菜的滋味和挥发性成分进行检测。结果表明:在滋味方面,前期采收的坛紫菜鲜味和鲜味回味等令人愉悦的滋味更为强烈,随着采收期的延后,苦味、涩味等不愉快的滋味强度逐渐增强;在挥发性成分方面,不同采收期的坛紫菜差别明显,采收期邻近的样品挥发性成分的种类和含量也较为接近,一水坛紫菜的挥发性成分以2-乙基呋喃和阈值相对较高的酮类、醇类为主,二水和三水坛紫菜中丁内酯、2-己烯-1-醇、1-辛烯-3-醇含量相对较高,四水和五水坛紫菜中壬醛(青草味)和苯甲醛(苦杏仁味)含量较高。采用电子舌和电子鼻可以快速、准确区别不同采收期坛紫菜的风味。

    Abstract:

    Laver can be harvested many times in one cultivation cycle. In order to evaluate the flavor differences among lavers harvested during different periods, the taste and odor were tested by electronic tongue, electronic nose and gas phase ion migration spectrometer. The results showed that umami and aftertaste of umami were outstanding in the lavers that were harvested in the early stage. The unpleasant taste such as bitterness and astringency were more intense in the lavers that were harvested in the later stage. In the aspect of volatile components, the data from electronic nose test indicated that the volatile compounds of lavers harvested during different periods were significantly different. The volatile compounds in the first harvest of laver were mainly 2-ethylfuran, and some ketones and alcohols with relatively higher threshold. The contents of γ-butyrolactone, 2-hexene-1-alcohol and 1-octene-3-alcohol were relatively higher in the second and third harvests of lavers. The contents of nonanal (smell of grass) and benzaldehyde (smell of bitter almond) were higher in the fourth and fifth harvests of lavers. It can be concluded that electronic tongue, electronic nose and gas phase ion migration spectrometer can be used to distinguish the flavor characteristics of different lavers quickly and accurately.

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曹荣,刘楠,王联珠,刘淇.不同采收期坛紫菜的风味比较[J].上海海洋大学学报,2019,28(5):811-817.
CAO Rong, LIU Nan, WANG Lianzhu, LIU Qi. Flavor analysis of Porphyra haitanensis harvested during different periods[J]. Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2019,28(5):811-817.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-20
  • 最后修改日期:2019-03-17
  • 录用日期:2019-06-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-10-15
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