A sampling survey was conducted on the fish resources in Zitong core area from March 2016 to November 2017, and the fish species composition,ecological type,dominant species, community diversity index, community structure, ABC curve were analyzed. A total of 43 species were collected, which belonged to 4 orders, 8 families and 30 genera, and Cyprinidae had the largest number of species, which constituted 65.12% of the total species number. The captured fish were mainly composed of middle uplayers, omnivorous and sedentary species. The dominant species were Xenocypris davidi, Pseudolaubuca sinensis and Aristichthys nobilis. Margalef diversity index, Simpson diversity index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou diversity ranged from 3.17 to 5.01, from 0.68 to 0.89, from 1.79 to 2.55, and from 0.61 to 0.84, respectively.The seasonal variation of fish community structure was significantly different, and in most cases it was moderately disturbed. The results of the study will not only help to understand the status of fish communities and resources in the Qiandao Lake conservation area, but also provide reference data for the construction of water conservancy projects to influence the fish community structure.