Through the investigation on the growth,pathogen detection,genetic diversity analysis,water quality detection and injecting WSSV to explore the poor growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.The results showed that SSR analysis:Mean He 0.632 2-0.687 2,Mean PIC 0.583 1-0.635 4,genetic diversity was high,and there was no significant difference in genetic index and water quality(P>0.05). The growth of normal growing pond was significantly better than that of poor growing pond in culture days(50 d, 100 d and 150 d) of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (P<0.05), while the positive rate of EHP, WSSV and IHHNV was significantly lower than that of poor growing pond (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in growth between the two groups for 220 d (P>0.05). The positive rate of pathogen was significantly higher than that of the previous three quarantine results (P<0.05). The positive rate of normal growing pond was higher, and the number of male shrimp of normal growing pond was less,and the results were in agreement with the results of the pathogen detection before the investigation in 2014,2015. By injecting WSSV for 15 d, 30 d and 45 d, there were significant differences in growth index of each concentration group (P<0.05), and each growth index decreased gradually with the increase of infection concentration. Therefore,combined with catching big and keeping small in the middle and late stages of culture in every 10 d,the germplasm degeneration and water quality do not affect the growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Pathogen may affect the growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii.The effects of pathogen on male are greater than on female.