Oscillatoriales is distinct and broad cyanobacterial organism group which has been subject to taxonomical amendments. Based on field material collected from Huangpu River (Shanghai, China) in the summer of 2014, Geitlerinema ionicum belonging to the Geitlerinema,Coleofasciculaceae (Cyanophyta) is reported for the first time in China in this paper,and Geitlerinema ionicum is a newly recorded genus and species of Cyanophyta in China. The morphological characteristics of Geitlerinema and Geitlerinema ionicum were described in detail. According to the cyanobacterial classification system established by KOMAREK & ANAGNOSTIDIS (2005), four species (Osicllatoria acutissima, O. amphibia, O. geminate var. sulphurea, O. quadripunctulata var. unigranulata) previously reported in China should be considered to be attributable to Geitlerinema.