As one of the most important fishery areas in the world, Western and Central Pacific Ocean is one of the most productive zones for tuna fishery.The 22 countries and regions have vast Exclusive Economic Zones and limited land resources.The characteristics of these islands make fishery the only way for their economic development.Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission, together with Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency and the Secretariat of Pacific Community, take compatible measures to reduce fishing capacity and ensure sustainable development of the fishery resources in this area.However, the conservation and management objectives have encountered such challenges as overcapacity, lack of fishery data, IUU fishing, low enforcement efficiency of the measures, as well as the interference of political factors.The study on tuna fishery management in Western and Central Pacific Ocean may provide an understanding for the development tendency of policies and measures in this important fishing area, and may serve as references for Chinese policy makers in their decision-making process of distant water fishery polices.