River crab farming is impacted a lot by water ecological factors. In order to research the effects of water ecological factors and meteorological factors on the growth of crabs, a breeding observation site is established where water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen and other water projects and river ecological factors are observed, including crab growth and condition monitoring such as crab shelling time, length, weight, disease and other items. Observations statistical analysis of year 2011 shows that: （1） the crab growth process is non uniform, the difference of the growth rates is rather big in different stages, and two relatively fast growth periods which are late June to mid July and late August to mid September in 2011 are observed;（2）Before mid May, both male and female crabs grow slowly , and the difference between individuals and sexes is very small; After late May ,the difference between individuals and sexes increases gradually; In late July, the mean variance of quality increases gradually among male crabs, while relatively stable among female crabs, which indicates that the growth is relatively even between the female crabs individuals; （3） the river crabs grow with the increase of weight and shape as well as the degree of fullness and robustness. The degree of robustness and fullness among male crabs is generally larger than the female crabs when it is close to the mature stage;（4）the water temperature diurnal variation curve of each layer is close to the positive spin curve in observation point 4, and the amplitude decreases with the increasing of water depth, the daily variation of dissolved oxygen value is mainly relevant with the angle of the sunlight, the more directly the sun shines during the day, the stronger the light will be;（5） the growth of river crab is highly relevant with the water temperature and dissolved oxygen .Water temperature is too low or too high，which is not conducive to the crab’s growth, and low dissolved oxygen concentration is a direct threat to aquatic life, but the greater concentration of dissolved oxygen is not necessarily the better.It is proved that the dissolved oxygen concentration between the 5.0-7.0 mg/L is the best for the crab growth.