The suspended solids in Chenhang Reservoir were sampled monthly during May 2010 to April 2011 and their structural characteristics were analyzed. The filter fish production potentials and their reasonable stocking were evaluated, based on both the suspended solids concentration to control the abundance of phytoplankton in Chenhang Reservoir, and the primary phytoplankton production. Results showed: In Chenhang Reservoir the annual total amount of suspended solids (dry weight) was （29.4±7.3） mg/L , organic matter concentration accounted for 34.4% and ash content 65.6%. The seasonal changes showed the total suspended solids were high in winter and summer, low in spring and autumn. Organic matter concentration was high in spring and summer, occounting for respectively 42.20% and 41.70%, and low in winter; ash content accounted for 77.06% in winter while low in summer. As for the horizontal distribution of suspended solids in dry weight, the highest values occurred at St4, while the lowest value at St1 near outlet；Suspended solid was gradually reduced with the water flow direction. Vertical space change of suspended solid in dry weight showed that: 4 m water layer> surface> 2 m water layer> 1 m water layer> transparency 0.4 m of the water layer. Based on the suspended solids, production potentials of planktivorous fishes were predicted to be 37.32 t. Silver carp could be stocked 20 720 kg, bighead carp could be stocked 2 100 kg. However, based on phytoplankton primary production, the total planktivorous fishes production potential was 25.14 t, silver carp could be stocked 9 660 kg, bighead carp 420 kg.