Sea water temperature (SST) is one of the important factors that impact growth, reproduction and recruitment of chub mackerel. According to the catch and standardized CPUE data of purse seine fishery with lights (PSFL) and monthly sea surface temperature of the spawning ground in February from 1998 to 2006, the author developed a surplus production model for chub mackerel based on SST, and analyzed the impact of SST on the chub mackerel stock and its sustainable yield. The result indicates the relationship between sustainable yield and SST, can be expressed as Y_t=1 080.97 f_t-0.006f²_t+114.51SST_t f_t-2.91SST²_tf_t. Variations of chub mackerel stock biomass and sustainable yield are controlled mainly by SST in the spawning ground and fishing effort. The optimal SST range for chub mackerel spawning is 18.5- 20.6℃. It is suggested that the maximum sustainable yield may be estimated based on the annual different environmental conditions, and the fishery management measures should be adjusted in realtime.