Comparative study of the growth and culture performace was conducted in cage for 5 stocks of Oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense): Dongting Lake(DT), Poyang Lake(PY), Tai Lake(TH), Rugao district of Yangtze River(YZ) and Changxing county(CX) from the midstream and downstream of Yangtze River. The results showed that body length for 5 stocks of Oriental river prawn grew as linear function, their body weight grew as exponential function. Among the five stocks, the maturity rate of TH stock was the lowest, the growth rate was the fastest, the survival rate was the highest, and the total yield was highest, but Changxing stock was quite the contrary. The maturity rate of 30 days, AGRw, IGRw, the survival rate of 90 days, the total yield of 90 days for TH stock were respectively 37.3% lower, and 73.2%, 20.8%, 3.9%, 75.2% higher than those for Changxing stock. The highest efficiency would be obtained when TH stock was cultured at Changxing Zhejiang, and the protection and selection of Oriental river prawn should be ensured.