The genetic distance, similarity and diversity of the parent and the second filial populations of Chinese giant salamanders Andrias davidianus were surveyed by RAPD analysis. The average genetic similarity between the parent and the second filial population was very high, which reached 0.9515. It showed that the second filial population hardly varied compared to the parent population. Relative genetic distances of the parent and the second filial population were 0.0497 and 0.0166, respectively; and the Shannon diversity indexes were 0.237 and 0.078, respectively. There was significant difference between the two populations by t-test (P<0.01). It showed that genetic diversity of the second filial population was lower than that of the parent population, and the breeding management should be enhanced in the future.