The fish catch statistics is adopted to research on the sturgeon harvests in the Amur River and the Yangtze River, which are main fishing areas of sturgeons. It is found that the population structure of Amur River sturgeons is unbalanced and the resources are precipitated (452t, 1987: 120t, 1999), because of the severe fishing and environmental pollution; that as Gezhou dam blocked the migrating route of Chinese sturgeon in Yangtze River, sex ratio is out of proportion (f: m = 1 : 0. 39, 1996 - 1998) of Chinese sturgeon, male supplement population is insufficient, reproduction population is degraded; that Chinese sturgeon is endangered and the trace of Dabry sturgeon and Chinses paddlefish is hard to find. The paper describes the current situation of protection and utilization of sturgeons in China and suggests measures to be adopted, and further discusses the way of utilization on sturgeon.