漏斗型装置对养殖池水动力集污效应的影响
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S 969;X 714

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国家自然科学基金(32573573);上海市自然科学基金(24ZR1429000);国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2400502)


Influence of funnel-type device on hydrodynamic sewage collection effect in aquaculture tanks
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    摘要:

    为提高养殖池的污染物去除效率,设计了一种漏斗型集污装置,以双向射流进水的双通道圆形养殖池为例,建立了三维两相流场模型,在网格无关性及数值方法有效性验证的基础上,研究了速度分布、水流均匀性指数、水循环能量利用率,以及不同密度的污染物迁移规律、集聚效应和去除率。研究发现:漏斗型装置可增大养殖池轴向流速梯度,形成中心低压环流,促进污染物集聚和排出;随着进水质量流率增大,养殖池中高层水体混合能力增强,但底层水体的湍流及二次流运动加剧,污染物去除率呈“先降后升”的趋势;悬浮物易受水体浮力带动,主要经溢流口排出,去除率随流率增加而提高;中密度污染物迁移路径和去除率随流率变化而显著波动;沉淀物受重力主导,流率过大会引起湍流扰动而降低去除率。

    Abstract:

    To improve the sewage removal efficiency of aquaculture tanks, a funnel-type sewage collection device was designed. Taking a dual-channel circular aquaculture tank with bidirectional jet inlet as an example, a three-dimensional two-phase flow field model was established. Based on the verification of grid independence and the effectiveness of numerical methods, the velocity distribution, water flow uniformity index, water circulation energy utilization rate, and the migration law, agglomeration effect, and removal rate of sewage with different densities were studied. The results show that: The funnel can increase the axial velocity gradient of the aquaculture tank, form a central low-pressure circulation, and promote the agglomeration and discharge of sewage. With the increase of inlet mass flow rate, the mixing capacity of the middle and upper water bodies in the tank is enhanced, but the turbulence and secondary flow in the bottom water body are intensified, causing the sewage removal rate to show a "first decrease then increase" trend. Suspended solids are easily driven by water buoyancy and mainly discharged through the overflow outlet, with the removal rate increasing with the flow rate. The migration path and removal rate of medium-density sediments fluctuate significantly with the flow rate. Sediments are dominated by gravity, and excessive flow rate can cause turbulent disturbance, reducing the removal rate.

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郭俊,张俊,张瑜军,曹守启,胡庆松,王芳,刘兴国.漏斗型装置对养殖池水动力集污效应的影响[J].上海海洋大学学报,2026,35(2):337-347.
GUO Jun, ZHANG Jun, ZHANG Yujun, CAO Shouqi, HU Qingsong, WANG Fang, LIU Xingguo. Influence of funnel-type device on hydrodynamic sewage collection effect in aquaculture tanks[J]. Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2026,35(2):337-347.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-05-25
  • 最后修改日期:2025-08-08
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-24
  • 出版日期: 2026-03-31
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