摘要
为探究西沙群岛永乐环礁4个岛礁(晋卿岛、羚羊礁、全富岛和银屿)的珊瑚礁鱼类种类特征,在2020至2023年期间,采用手钓、潜水捕捞和水下录像等方式对永乐四岛礁的珊瑚礁鱼类进行了调查。结合2020—2021年对银屿的调查研究资料,分析了永乐四岛礁珊瑚礁鱼类的种类组成、相似性和分类多样性等特征,并结合文献资料分析了永乐四岛礁珊瑚礁鱼类的食性、个体大小类型等特征。结果表明:(1)永乐四岛礁附近海域共发现260种珊瑚礁鱼类,隶属于2纲10目40科,其中鲈形目占绝对优势,隆头鱼科、雀鲷科和蝴蝶鱼科的种类数最多;(2)肉食性鱼类种类最为丰富,且以中小型鱼类为主,四岛礁大型鱼类的相似性系数显著低于中小型鱼类,说明四岛礁受到了不同程度的捕捞影响;(3)肉食性鱼类和大型鱼类在各岛礁所占比例均为晋卿岛>羚羊礁>全富岛>银屿,且平均分类差异指数(
珊瑚礁鱼类的物种多样性极高,生活在珊瑚礁海域的鱼类数量达5 000~8 000种,超过了海洋鱼类总数的1/
近几十年来,受自然和人为扰动的影响,全球珊瑚礁鱼类的多样性显著降低,一些经济价值高的大型鱼类逐渐被生命周期短、经济价值低的小型鱼类所取
目前永乐环礁珊瑚礁鱼类主要受过度捕捞、栖息地退化等因素的影响,其丰富度和多样性下降,群落结构发生变化,鱼类组成经历了明显的演替过
永乐环礁是西沙群岛珊瑚礁的重要组成部分,主要由泻湖和环礁两部分构成,泻湖水深0~50 m,其通过多个水道与外海相连,这些水道将礁环分割为多个礁

图1 西沙群岛永乐环礁四岛礁采样分布图
Fig.1 Locations of the four islands in Yongle Atoll, Xisha Islands
调查区域 Survey area | 年份 Year | ||
---|---|---|---|
2020 | 2021 | 2023 | |
晋卿岛 Jinqing Island | 潜水捕捞 | 潜水捕捞+水下录像 | - |
羚羊礁 Antelope Reef | - | 潜水捕捞+水下录像 | 手钓+潜水捕捞+水下录像 |
全富岛 Quanfu Island | - | 潜水捕捞+水下录像 | 潜水捕捞+水下录像 |
银屿Yinyu Island | 水下录像 | 潜水捕捞+水下录像 | - |
鱼类的食性分类参考文献[
鱼类的个体大小类型划分为3种:大型鱼类(最大全长≥65 cm)、中型鱼类(35 cm最大全长<65 cm)和小型鱼类(最大全长<35 cm
Jaccard相似性系数(Js
Js=c/(a+b-c) | (1) |
式中:a为岛礁A的鱼类种类数或者目、科、属的数量;b为岛礁B的鱼类种类数或者目、科、属的数量;c为两个岛礁鱼类共有种类数或者目、科、属的数量。相似等级分别为:0<Js<0.25为极不相似;0.25≤Js<0.50为不相似;0.50≤Js<0.75为中等相似;0.75≤Js<1.00为极相似。
使用Primer 5.0软件中的Taxdtest软件包计算分类学多样性指数,包括平均分类差异指数(
平均分类差异指数(
(2) |
(3) |
式中:ωij为第i和j个种类在分类系统树中的路径长度;S为种类数。将门、纲、目、科、属、种6个分类等级间的加权路径长度的权重设置为100.000、83.333、66.667、50.000、33.333、16.667。
调查结果显示,晋卿岛、羚羊礁、全富岛和银屿四岛礁2020—2023年共记录珊瑚礁鱼类260种,隶属于2纲10目40科(科(Serranidae)和鳂科(Holocentridae),种类数均达10种及以上;其余科的种类数均低于10种。2020—2023年间,在永乐环礁四岛礁,使用水下录像记录的鱼类数量最多,达到了200种;其次是潜水捕捞,有140种;而手钓获取的鱼类最少,仅有7种(

图2 西沙群岛永乐环礁四岛礁珊瑚礁鱼类的物种组成
Fig.2 Species composition of coral reef fishes from the four islands in Yongle Atoll, Xisha Islands
采样方式 Method | 晋卿岛 Jinqing Island | 羚羊礁 Antelope Reef | 全富岛 Quanfu Island | 银屿 Yinyu Island | 总计 Total | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2023 | 2021 | 2023 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
手钓 Hand fishing | - | - | - | 7 | - | - | - | - | 7 |
潜水捕捞 Diving fishing | 81 | 42 | 60 | 60 | 42 | 23 | - | 33 | 140 |
水下录像 Underwater video | - | 38 | 45 | 114 | 25 | 92 | 94 | 77 | 200 |
总计 Total | 81 | 63 | 83 | 146 | 62 | 99 | 94 | 97 | 260 |

图3 西沙群岛永乐环礁四岛礁不同采样方法得到的鱼类物种韦恩图
Fig.3 Venn diagrams of fish species obtained by using different methods in the four islands in Yongle Atoll, Xisha Islands

图4 西沙群岛永乐环礁四岛礁珊瑚礁鱼类目、科、属、物种数的比较
Fig.4 Comparison of the number of orders, families, genera and species of coral reef fishes from the four islands in Yongle Atoll, Xisha Islands
食性方面,肉食性鱼类的种类最多,占总种类数的49.61%;其次为杂食性鱼类,为33.85%;植食性鱼类仅占16.54%。从个体大小类型来看,小型鱼类种类最多,占总种类数的57.31%;其次是中型鱼类,占28.08%;大型鱼类占比最低,为14.61%(

图5 西沙群岛永乐环礁四岛礁不同食性类型和不同个体大小类型珊瑚礁鱼类的分布特征
Fig.5 Distribution characteristics of coral reef fishes with different feeding types and different individual sizes from the four islands in Yongle Atoll, Xisha Islands
在肉食性鱼类中,小型鱼类种类最多,大型鱼类最少;植食性鱼类中,中型鱼类占主导地位;而杂食性鱼类中,小型鱼类占据绝对优势,占比高达93.18%。大中型鱼类均以肉食性鱼类占绝对优势,分别占各自类群的73.68%和61.64%,其次是植食性鱼类,分别占各自类群的23.68%和31.51%,杂食性鱼类最少;小型鱼类中,杂食性和肉食性鱼类占绝对优势,分别占各自类群的55.04%和37.58%,植食性鱼类最少,仅占7.38%(
从食性类型来看,各岛礁不同食性鱼类占比略有差异,肉食性鱼类比例为晋卿岛>羚羊礁>全富岛>银屿;杂食性比例为晋卿岛<羚羊礁<全富岛<银屿。从个体大小类型来看,四岛礁不同体型鱼类的种类数量差异明显,整体均以中小型鱼类为主。各岛礁不同体型鱼类占比略有差异,大中型鱼类比例为晋卿岛>羚羊礁>全富岛>银屿;小型鱼类比例为晋卿岛<羚羊礁<全富岛<银屿(

图6 西沙群岛永乐环礁四岛礁不同食性类型和大小类型鱼类的分布特征对比
Fig.6 Comparison of distributional characteristics of different feeding types and different individual sizes of fish from the four islands in Yongle Atoll, Xisha Islands
在目级水平,全富岛和银屿的相似性系数最高,达到极相似,晋卿岛与羚羊礁的相似性系数最低,为不相似;在科、属、种级水平,羚羊礁和全富岛的相似性系数为最高,且在科级水平达到极相似,晋卿岛与其他3个岛礁的相似性系数较低,且在属和种级水平均为不相似(
采样点 Sampling site | 羚羊礁 Antelope Reef | 全富岛 Quanfu Island | 银屿 Yinyu Island | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
目 Order | 科 Family | 属 Genus | 种 Species | 目 Order | 科 Family | 属 Genus | 种 Species | 目 Order | 科 Family | 属 Genus | 种 Species | |
晋卿岛 Jinqing Island | 0.40 | 0.63 | 0.48 | 0.37 | 0.63 | 0.61 | 0.45 | 0.27 | 0.50 | 0.63 | 0.46 | 0.30 |
羚羊礁 Antelope Reef | 0.57 | 0.79 | 0.70 | 0.54 | 0.67 | 0.78 | 0.59 | 0.46 | ||||
全富岛 Quanfu Island | 0.80 | 0.75 | 0.60 | 0.46 |
从食性类型来看,各食性类型鱼类的相似性系数差异不显著(P>0.05),杂食性鱼类的平均相似性系数最低;从个体大小类型来看,大型鱼类的相似性系数显著低于中小型鱼类(P<0.05) (

图7 西沙群岛永乐环礁四岛礁不同食性类型和个体大小类型珊瑚礁鱼类之间的相似性
Fig.7 Similarity between reef fishes of different feeding types and individual sizes from the four islands in Yongle Atoll, Xisha Islands
不同字母表示不同类群间相似度的差异显著(P<0.05),相同字母表示不同类群间相似度的差异不显著(P>0.05)。
Different letters indicate a significant difference in similarity between groups (P<0.05), and the same letter indicates a non-significant difference in similarity between groups (P>0.05).
根据物种名录,计算得到四岛礁的鱼类平均分类差异指数(

图8 西沙群岛永乐环礁四岛礁鱼类分类多样性指数的95%置信区间漏斗图
Fig.8 Funnel plot for average taxonomic distinctness (
在2020—2023年间,永乐环礁四岛礁附近海域记录了260种珊瑚礁鱼类,其中,水下录像记录的种类最多,其次是潜水捕捞,手钓最少。这是因为不同的调查方式会对调查结果产生较大的影
研究发现,四岛礁的珊瑚礁鱼类中,隆头鱼科、雀鲷科、蝴蝶鱼科、鹦嘴鱼科和刺尾鱼科是种类数排名前5的科,结果与七连科、刺尾鱼科和
科,仅有2科与本研究不同。说明珊瑚礁鱼类具有高度的连通
四岛礁小型鱼类的物种数远高于大型鱼类,与其他珊瑚礁海
四岛礁的肉食性鱼类和大型鱼类比例均表现为晋卿岛>羚羊礁>全富岛>银屿,这一结果刚好与四岛礁珊瑚礁鱼类的平均分类差异指数
四岛礁珊瑚礁鱼类群落整体上以羚羊礁和全富岛的相似性系数最高,晋卿岛与其他3个岛礁均较低。整体而言,各岛礁的物种相似性系数比孙典荣
史赟荣
西沙群岛的珊瑚礁鱼类在不同区域存在差异,受人类扰动影响,不同岛礁的珊瑚礁鱼类也呈现差异,研究将为促进西沙群岛珊瑚礁鱼类资源的可持续发展提供理论依据,为珊瑚礁鱼类的保护和管理提供参考。
序号No. | 科 Family | 物种 Species | 拉丁名 Latin name | 晋卿岛Jinqing Island | 羚羊礁Antelope Reef | 全富岛Quanfu Island | 银屿Yinyu Island |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 海鳝科 Muraenidae | 白缘裸胸鳝 | Gymnothorax albimarginatus | + | + | ||
2 | 爪哇裸胸鳝 | Gymnothorax javanicus | + | ||||
3 | 斑点裸胸鳝 | Gymnothorax meleagris | + | + | |||
4 | 花斑裸胸鳝 | Gymnothorax pictus | + | ||||
5 | 波纹裸胸鳝 | Gymnothorax undulatus | + | + | + | ||
6 | 狗母鱼科 Synodontidae | 云纹蛇鲻 | Saurida nebulosa | + | |||
7 |
![]() |
杜氏下![]() | Hyporhamphus dussumieri | + | |||
8 | 颌针鱼科 Belonidae | 琉球柱颌针鱼 | Strongylura incisa | + | |||
9 | 黑背圆颌针鱼 | Tylosurus melanotus | + | ||||
10 | 鳂科 Holocentridae | 康德锯鳞鱼 | Myripristis kuntee | + | + | + | + |
11 | 白边锯鳞鱼 | Myripristis murdjan | + | + | |||
12 | 紫红锯鳞鱼 | Myripristis violacea | + | + | + | + | |
13 | 银色新东洋鳂 | Neoniphon argenteus | + | ||||
14 | 黑鳍新东洋鳂 | Neoniphon opercularis | + | + | + | + | |
15 | 莎姆新东洋鳂 | Neoniphon sammara | + | + | + | + | |
16 | 尾斑棘鳞鱼 | Sargocentron caudimaculatum | + | + | + | + | |
17 | 黑鳍棘鳞鱼 | Sargocentron diadema | + | ||||
18 | 黑点棘鳞鱼 | Sargocentron melanospilos | + | + | + | ||
19 | 斑纹棘鳞鱼 | Sargocentron punctatissimum | + | + | |||
20 | 尖吻棘鳞鱼 | Sargocentron spiniferum | + | + | |||
21 | 白边棘鳞鱼 | Sargocentron violaceum | + | ||||
22 | 管口鱼科 Aulostomidae | 中华管口鱼 | Aulostomus chinensis | + | |||
23 | 烟管鱼科 Fistulariidae | 无鳞烟管鱼 | Fistularia commersonii | + | |||
24 | 鲻科 Mugilidae | 角瘤唇鲻 | Oedalechilus labiosus | + | |||
25 | 刺尾鱼科 Acanthuridae | 日本刺尾鱼 | Acanthurus japonicus | + | + | + | |
26 | 纵带刺尾鱼 | Acanthurus lineatus | + | ||||
27 | 褐斑刺尾鱼 | Acanthurus nigrofuscus | + | ||||
28 | 橙斑刺尾鱼 | Acanthurus olivaceus | + | + | |||
29 | 黑鳃刺尾鱼 | Acanthurus pyroferus | + | + | |||
30 | 横带刺尾鱼 | Acanthurus triostegus | + | + | + | + | |
31 | 黄鳍刺尾鱼 | Acanthurus xanthopterus | + | + | |||
32 | 双斑栉齿刺尾鱼 | Ctenochaetus binotatus | + | + | + | ||
33 | 栉齿刺尾鱼 | Ctenochaetus striatus | + | + | + | + | |
34 | 青唇栉齿刺尾鱼 | Ctenochaetus cyanocheilus | + | + | |||
35 | 短吻鼻鱼 | Naso brevirostris | + | + | |||
36 | 六棘鼻鱼 | Naso hexacanthus | + | ||||
37 | 颊吻鼻鱼 | Naso lituratus | + | + | + | + | |
38 | 单角鼻鱼 | Naso unicornis | + | + | + | + | |
39 | 小高鳍刺尾鱼 | Zebrasoma scopas | + | + | |||
40 | 横带高鳍刺尾鱼 | Zebrasoma velifer | + | + | |||
41 | 天竺鲷科 Apogonidae | 菲律宾裸天竺鲷 | Gymnapogon philippinus | + | |||
42 | 鳚科 Blenniidae | 巴氏异齿鳚 | Ecsenius bathi | + | |||
43 | 金鳍稀棘鳚 | Meiacanthus atrodorsalis | + | + | |||
44 | 黑带稀棘鳚 | Meiacanthus grammistes | + | ||||
45 | 云雀短带鳚 | Plagiotremus laudandus | + | ||||
46 | 窄体短带鳚 | Plagiotremus tapeinosoma | + | ||||
47 | 细纹凤鳚 | Salarias fasciatus | + | + | |||
48 | 梅鲷科 Caesionidae | 黄蓝背梅鲷 | Caesio teres | + | |||
49 | 黑带鳞鳍梅鲷 | Pterocaesio tile | + | + | |||
50 | 鲹科 Carangidae | 平线若鲹 | Carangoides ferdau | + | |||
51 | 黑尻鲹 | Caranx melampygus | + | + | + | ||
52 | 六带鲹 | Caranx sexfasciatus | + | ||||
53 | 长颌似鲹 | Scomberoides lysan | + | + | |||
54 | 蝴蝶鱼科 Chaetodontidae | 项斑蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon adiergastos | + | |||
55 | 丝蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon auriga | + | + | + | + | |
56 | 叉纹蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon auripes | + | + | + | ||
57 | 密点蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon citrinellus | + | + | + | ||
58 | 鞭蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon ephippium | + | ||||
59 | 珠蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon kleinii | + | + | + | ||
60 | 细纹蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon lineolatus | + | + | |||
61 | 新月蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon lunula | + | + | |||
62 | 弓月蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon lunulatus | + | + | + | + | |
63 | 马达加斯加蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon madagaskariensis | + | ||||
64 | 黑背蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon melannotus | + | + | + | ||
65 | 华丽蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon ornatissimus | + | + | + | + | |
66 | 斑带蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon punctatofasciatus | + | + | + | ||
67 | 格纹蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon rafflesii | + | + | + | + | |
68 | 三纹蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon trifascialis | + | + | + | + | |
69 | 三带蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon trifasciatus | + | ||||
70 | 乌利蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon ulietensis | + | + | |||
71 | 斜纹蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon vagabundus | + | ||||
72 | 丽蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon wiebeli | + | + | + | ||
73 | 黄蝴蝶鱼 | Chaetodon xanthurus | + | + | + | ||
74 | 黄镊口鱼 | Forcipiger flavissimus | + | + | + | ||
75 | 多鳞霞蝶鱼 | Hemitaurichthys polylepis | + | + | + | ||
76 | 金口马夫鱼 | Heniochus chrysostomus | + | + | |||
77 | 四带马夫鱼 | Heniochus singularius | + | ||||
78 |
![]() |
尖头金![]() | Cirrhitichthys oxycephalus | + | |||
79 |
翼![]() | Cirrhitus pinnulatus | + | + | |||
80 |
副![]() | Paracirrhites arcatus | + | + | + | ||
81 |
![]() | 胸斑矶塘鳢 | Eviota prasites | + | |||
82 | 丝条凡塘鳢 | Valenciennea strigata | + | ||||
83 | 仿石鲈科 Haemulidae | 斑胡椒鲷 | Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides | + | + | ||
84 | 双带胡椒鲷 | Plectorhinchus diagrammus | + | ||||
85 | 条斑胡椒鲷 | Plectorhinchus vittatus | + | + | + | ||
86 |
![]() | 长鳍[鱼舵] | Kyphosus cinerascens | + | + | + | |
87 | 低鳍[鱼舵] | Kyphosus vaigiensis | + | + | + | ||
88 | 隆头鱼科 Labridae | 黄尾阿南鱼 | Anampses meleagrides | + | + | ||
89 | 腋斑普提鱼 | Bodianus axillaris | + | + | + | ||
90 | 双带普提鱼 | Bodianus bilunulatus | + | ||||
91 | 绿尾唇鱼 | Cheilinus chlorourus | + | + | |||
92 | 横带唇鱼 | Cheilinus fasciatus | + | + | + | ||
93 | 尖头唇鱼 | Cheilinus oxycephalus | + | ||||
94 | 三叶唇鱼 | Cheilinus trilobatus | + | + | + | ||
95 | 蓝身丝隆头鱼 | Cirrhilabrus cyanopleura | + | ||||
96 | 黑缘丝隆头鱼 | Cirrhilabrus melanomarginatus | + | + | + | ||
97 | 露珠盔鱼 | Coris gaimard | + | + | + | ||
98 | 伸口鱼 | Epibulus insidiator | + | + | + | + | |
99 | 杂色尖嘴鱼 | Gomphosus varius | + | + | + | + | |
100 | 双眼斑海猪鱼 | Halichoeres biocellatus | + | + | + | ||
101 | 格纹海猪鱼 | Halichoeres hortulanus | + | + | + | + | |
102 | 缘鳍海猪鱼 | Halichoeres marginatus | + | ||||
103 | 黑额海猪鱼 | Halichoeres prosopeion | + | ||||
104 | 三斑海猪鱼 | Halichoeres trimaculatus | + | + | + | + | |
105 | 绿鳍海猪鱼 | Halichoeres chloropterus | + | ||||
106 | 横带厚唇鱼 | Hemigymnus fasciatus | + | + | + | ||
107 | 黑鳍厚唇鱼 | Hemigymnus melapterus | + | + | + | + | |
108 | 狭带细鳞盔鱼 | Hologymnosus doliatus | + | ||||
109 | 双色裂唇鱼 | Labroides bicolor | + | + | + | ||
110 | 裂唇鱼 | Labroides dimidiatus | + | + | + | + | |
111 | 胸斑裂唇鱼 | Labroides pectoralis | + | ||||
112 | 多纹褶唇鱼 | Labropsis xanthonota | + | + | |||
113 | 珠斑大咽齿鱼 | Macropharyngodon meleagris | + | + | + | ||
114 | 带尾美鳍鱼 | Novaculichthys taeniourus | + | + | |||
115 | 双斑尖唇鱼 | Oxycheilinus bimaculatus | + | ||||
116 | 双线尖唇鱼 | Oxycheilinus digramma | + | ||||
117 | 单带尖唇鱼 | Oxycheilinus unifasciatus | + | + | + | ||
118 | 姬拟唇鱼 | Pseudocheilinus evanidus | + | + | |||
119 | 八带拟唇鱼 | Pseudocheilinus octotaenia | + | ||||
120 | 摩鹿加拟凿牙鱼 | Pseudodax moluccanus | + | ||||
121 | 黑星紫胸鱼 | Stethojulis bandanensis | + | ||||
122 | 钝头锦鱼 | Thalassoma amblycephalum | + | + | + | ||
123 | 鞍斑锦鱼 | Thalassoma hardwicke | + | + | + | + | |
124 | 新月锦鱼 | Thalassoma lunare | + | + | |||
125 | 紫锦鱼 | Thalassoma purpureum | + | ||||
126 | 纵纹锦鱼 | Thalassoma quinquevittatum | + | + | + | + | |
127 | 裸颊鲷科 Lethrinidae | 金带齿颌鲷 | Gnathodentex aureolineatus | + | + | + | + |
128 | 赤鳍裸颊鲷 | Lethrinus erythropterus | + | + | |||
129 | 桔带裸颊鲷 | Lethrinus obsoletus | + | + | |||
130 | 尖吻裸颊鲷 | Lethrinus olivaceus | + | + | |||
131 | 红裸颊鲷 | Lethrinus rubrioperculatus | + | + | |||
132 | 黄唇裸颊鲷 | Lethrinus xanthochilus | + | ||||
133 | 单列齿鲷 | Monotaxis grandoculis | + | + | + | ||
134 | 笛鲷科 Lutjanidae | 叉尾鲷 | Aphareus furca | + | |||
135 | 蓝短鳍笛鲷 | Aprion virescens | + | + | + | ||
136 | 紫红笛鲷 | Lutjanus argentimaculatus | + | ||||
137 | 白斑笛鲷 | Lutjanus bohar | + | + | |||
138 | 隆背笛鲷 | Lutjanus gibbus | + | + | |||
139 | 四线笛鲷 | Lutjanus kasmira | + | + | |||
140 | 单斑笛鲷 | Lutjanus monostigma | + | ||||
141 | 小带鳚科 Microdesmidae | 大口线塘鳢 | Nemateleotris magnifica | + | + | + | |
142 | 黑尾鳍塘鳢 | Ptereleotris evides | + | + | + | ||
143 | 羊鱼科 Mullidae | 黄带拟羊鱼 | Mulloidichthys flavolineatus | + | + | + | + |
144 | 无斑拟羊鱼 | Mulloidichthys vanicolensis | + | + | + | ||
145 | 条斑副绯鲤 | Parupeneus barberinus | + | + | |||
146 | 圆口副绯鲤 | Parupeneus cyclostomus | + | + | |||
147 | 印度副绯鲤 | Parupeneus indicus | + | ||||
148 | 多带副绯鲤 | Parupeneus multifasciatus | + | + | + | + | |
149 | 黑斑副绯鲤 | Parupeneus pleurostigma | + | ||||
150 | 三带副绯鲤 | Parupeneus trifasciatus | + | + | |||
151 | 金线鱼科 Nemipteridae | 黄带锥齿鲷 | Pentapodus aureofasciatus | + | |||
152 | 犬牙锥齿鲷 | Pentapodus caninus | + | + | |||
153 | 双带眶棘鲈 | Scolopsis bilineata | + | + | + | ||
154 | 线纹眶棘鲈 | Scolopsis lineata | + | + | + | + | |
155 | 肥足鰧科 Pinguipedidae | 四斑拟鲈 | Parapercis clathrata | + | + | ||
156 | 太平洋拟鲈 | Parapercis pacifica | + | ||||
157 | 刺盖鱼科 Pomacanthidae | 三点阿波鱼 | Apolemichthys trimaculatus | + | |||
158 | 双棘刺尻鱼 | Centropyge bispinosa | + | + | |||
159 | 海氏刺尻鱼 | Centropyge heraldi | + | + | + | ||
160 | 福氏刺尻鱼 | Centropyge vrolikii | + | + | + | + | |
161 | 黑斑月蝶鱼 | Genicanthus melanospilos | + | ||||
162 | 双棘甲尻鱼 | Pygoplites diacanthus | + | ||||
163 | 雀鲷科 Pomacentridae | 金凹牙豆娘鱼 | Amblyglyphidodon aureus | + | + | ||
164 | 白腹凹牙豆娘鱼 | Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster | + | ||||
165 | 七带豆娘鱼 | Abudefduf septemfasciatus | + | ||||
166 | 五带豆娘鱼 | Abudefduf vaigiensis | + | + | + | + | |
167 | 细鳞光鳃鱼 | Chromis lepidolepis | + | ||||
168 | 条尾光鳃鱼 | Chromis ternatensis | + | ||||
169 | 蓝绿光鳃鱼 | Chromis viridis | + | + | |||
170 | 韦氏光鳃鱼 | Chromis weberi | + | ||||
171 | 黄尾光鳃鱼 | Chromis xanthura | + | ||||
172 | 腋斑光鳃鱼 | Chromis atripes | + | + | |||
173 | 双斑光鳃鱼 | Chromis margaritifer | + | + | + | + | |
174 | 卵形光鳃鱼 | Chromis ovatiformis | + | + | |||
175 | 凡氏光鳃鱼 | Chromis vanderbilti | + | + | + | ||
176 | 狄氏椒雀鲷 | Plectroglyphidodon dickii | + | ||||
177 | 眼斑椒雀鲷 | Stegastes lacrymatus | + | + | |||
178 | 勃氏金翅雀鲷 | Chrysiptera brownriggii | + | + | |||
179 | 金头金翅雀鲷 | Chrysiptera chrysocephala | + | ||||
180 | 圆尾金翅雀鲷 | Chrysiptera cyanea | + | ||||
181 | 双斑金翅雀鲷 | Chrysiptera biocellata | + | + | + | ||
182 | 胸斑眶锯雀鲷 | Plectroglyphidodon fasciolatus | + | ||||
183 | 密鳃鱼 | Hemiglyphidodon plagiometopon | + | + | |||
184 | 安汶雀鲷 | Pomacentrus ambionensis | + | + | |||
185 | 班卡雀鲷 | Pomacentrus bankanensis | + | + | |||
186 | 霓虹雀鲷 | Pomacentrus coelestis | + | + | + | ||
187 | 黑缘雀鲷 | Pomacentrus nigromarginatus | + | ||||
188 | 孔雀雀鲷 | Pomacentrus pavo | + | ||||
189 | 菲律宾雀鲷 | Pomacentrus philippinus | + | + | + | ||
190 | 王子雀鲷 | Pomacentrus vaiuli | + | + | + | ||
191 | 克氏双锯鱼 | Amphiprion clarkii | + | + | + | ||
192 | 白条双锯鱼 | Amphiprion frenatus | + | ||||
193 | 白背双锯鱼 | Amphiprion sandaracinos | + | ||||
194 | 黑新箭齿雀鲷 | Neoglyphidodon melas | + | ||||
195 | 宅泥鱼 | Dascyllus aruanus | + | + | |||
196 | 黑尾宅泥鱼 | Dascyllus melanurus | + | ||||
197 | 三斑宅泥鱼 | Dascyllus trimaculatus | + | + | + | ||
198 | 网纹宅泥鱼 | Dascyllus reticulatus | + | + | |||
199 | 大眼鲷科 Priacanthidae | 灰鳍异大眼鲷 | Heteropriacanthus cruentatus | + | |||
200 | 金目大眼鲷 | Priacanthus hamrur | + | ||||
201 | 拟雀鲷科 Pseudochromidae | 紫红背绣雀鲷 | Pictichromis diadema | + | + | ||
202 | 鹦嘴鱼科 Scaridae | 星眼绚鹦嘴鱼 | Calotomus carolinus | + | + | + | |
203 | 小鼻绿鹦嘴鱼 | Chlorurus microrhinos | + | + | + | ||
204 | 蓝头绿鹦嘴鱼 | Chlorurus sordidus | + | + | + | + | |
205 | 长头马鹦嘴鱼 | Hipposcarus longiceps | + | + | + | ||
206 | 蓝臀鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus chameleon | + | ||||
207 | 弧带鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus dimidiatus | + | + | |||
208 | 绿唇鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus forsteni | + | + | + | + | |
209 | 网纹鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus frenatus | + | + | |||
210 | 青点鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus ghobban | + | ||||
211 | 黑斑鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus globiceps | + | + | + | + | |
212 | 黑鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus niger | + | ||||
213 | 黄鞍鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus oviceps | + | + | + | + | |
214 | 绿颌鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus prasiognathos | + | ||||
215 | 棕吻鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus psittacus | + | + | + | + | |
216 | 截尾鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus rivulatus | + | + | + | ||
217 | 钝头鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus rubroviolaceus | + | + | |||
218 | 许氏鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus schlegeli | + | + | + | ||
219 | 刺鹦嘴鱼 | Scarus spinus | + | + | |||
220 | 鲭科 Scombridae | 小眼双线鲅 | Grammatorcynus bicarinatus | + | |||
221 | 裸狐鲣 | Gymnosarda unicolor | + | + | |||
222 |
![]() | 红嘴烟鲈 | Aethaloperca rogaa | + | + | ||
223 | 斑点九棘鲈 | Cephalopholis argus | + | + | + | + | |
224 | 豹纹九棘鲈 | Cephalopholis leopardus | + | ||||
225 | 索氏九棘鲈 | Cephalopholis sonnerati | + | + | |||
226 | 尾纹九棘鲈 | Cephalopholis urodeta | + | + | + | + | |
227 | 横条石斑鱼 | Epinephelus fasciatus | + | + | + | ||
228 | 六角石斑鱼 | Epinephelus hexagonatus | + | + | + | ||
229 | 花点石斑鱼 | Epinephelus maculatus | + | ||||
230 | 蜂巢石斑鱼 | Epinephelus merra | + | + | + | + | |
231 | 吻斑石斑鱼 | Epinephelus spilotoceps | + | ||||
232 | 巨石斑鱼 | Epinephelus tauvina | + | ||||
233 | 紫红拟花鮨 | Mirolabrichthys pascalus | + | + | |||
234 | 豹纹鳃棘鲈 | Plectropomus leopardus | + | ||||
235 | 白边侧牙鲈 | Variola albimarginata | + | + | |||
236 | 侧牙鲈 | Variola louti | + | ||||
237 | 篮子鱼科 Siganidae | 银色篮子鱼 | Siganus argenteus | + | + | + | + |
238 | 凹吻篮子鱼 | Siganus corallinus | + | ||||
239 | 眼带篮子鱼 | Siganus puellus | + | + | |||
240 | 黑身篮子鱼 | Siganus punctatissimus | + | ||||
241 | 蠕纹篮子鱼 | Siganus vermiculatus | + | ||||
242 | 狐篮子鱼 | Siganus vulpinus | + | ||||
243 | 镰鱼科 Zanclidae | 角镰鱼 | Zanclus cornutus | + | + | + | + |
244 | 鳞鲀科 Balistidae | 波纹钩鳞鲀 | Balistapus undulatus | + | + | ||
245 | 黑边角鳞鲀 | Melichthys vidua | + | + | + | + | |
246 | 叉斑锉鳞鲀 | Rhinecanthus aculeatus | + | + | |||
247 | 黑带锉鳞鲀 | Rhinecanthus rectangulus | + | + | |||
248 | 黄鳍多棘鳞鲀 | Sufflamen chrysopterum | + | + | + | + | |
249 | 金边黄鳞鲀 | Xanthichthys auromarginatus | + | + | |||
250 | 单角鲀科 Monacanthidae | 拟态革鲀 | Aluterus scriptus | + | |||
251 | 棘尾前孔鲀 | Cantherhines dumerilii | + | + | + | + | |
252 | 细斑前孔鲀 | Cantherhines pardalis | + | + | |||
253 | 箱鲀科 Ostraciidae | 粒突箱鲀 | Ostracion cubicus | + | + | + | |
254 | 白点箱鲀 | Ostracion meleagris | + | + | |||
255 | 鲀科 Tetraodontidae | 纹腹叉鼻鲀 | Arothron hispidus | + | + | ||
256 | 辐纹叉鼻鲀 | Arothron mappa | + | + | + | ||
257 | 黑斑叉鼻鲀 | Arothron nigropunctatus | + | + | + | ||
258 | 横带扁背鲀 | Canthigaster valentini | + | ||||
259 | 鲼科 Myliobatidae | 褐背蝠鲼 | Mobula tarapacana | + | |||
260 | 角鲨科 Squalidae | 日本角鲨 | Squalus japonicus | + |
注: “+”表示物种在该岛礁附近海域出现。
Notes: "+" indicates that the species occurred in the waters adjacent to the island.
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